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The C-value enigma or C-value paradox is the complex puzzle surrounding the extensive variation in nuclear genome size among eukaryotic species. At the center of the C-value enigma is the observation that genome size does not correlate with organismal complexity; for example, some single-celled protists have genomes much larger than that of humans.
Genome size in eukaryotes was thought to be proportional to the complexity of an organism but by the mid-20th century it became apparent that closely-related species could differ substantially in the size of their genomes. This counter-intuitive observation gave rise to what became known as the "C-value paradox."
Onions and their relatives vary dramatically in their genome sizes, [10] without changing their ploidy, and this gives an exceptionally valuable window on the genomic expansion junk DNA. Since the onion (Allium cepa) is a diploid organism having a haploid genome size of 15.9 Gb, [10] it has 4.9x as much DNA as does a human genome (3.2 Gb).
This puzzling observation was originally known as the C-value Paradox where "C" refers to the haploid genome size. [4] The paradox was resolved with the discovery that most of the differences were due to the expansion and contraction of repetitive DNA and not the number of genes. Some researchers speculated that this repetitive DNA was mostly ...
The G-value paradox arises from the lack of correlation between the number of protein-coding genes among eukaryotes and their relative biological complexity. The microscopic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , for example, is composed of only a thousand cells but has about the same number of genes as a human.
The C-value paradox refers to the lack of correlation between organism 'complexity' and genome size. Explanations for the so-called paradox are two-fold. First, repetitive genetic elements can comprise large portions of the genome for many organisms, thereby inflating DNA content of the haploid genome.
NEW YORK (Reuters) -Donald Trump may seek dismissal of the criminal case in which he was convicted in May of 34 felony counts involving hush money paid to a porn star, a judge ruled on Friday ...
The size of genomes in various species was known to vary considerably and there did not seem to be a correlation between genome size and the complexity of the species. Even closely related species could have very different genome sizes. This observation led to what came to be known as the C-value paradox. [16]