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The Gold model has been linked to the possibility of retrocausal change, questions concerning the preservation of information in a time-reversed universe (states of decreasing entropy), and causation in general. The Gold Universe is named after the cosmologist Thomas Gold, who proposed the model in the 1960s. [1] [2] [3]
What is the origin of the M–sigma relation between supermassive black hole mass and galaxy velocity dispersion? [20] The formation of high-redshift quasars: How do the most distant quasars grow their supermassive black holes up to 10 10 solar masses so early in the history of the universe (with redshift greater than 6 to 7)?
The Black Hole Era is defined as "40 < n < 100". In this era, according to the book, organized matter will remain only in the form of black holes. Black holes themselves slowly "evaporate" away the matter contained in them, by the quantum mechanical process of Hawking radiation. By the end of this era, only extremely low-energy photons ...
A black hole cosmology (also called Schwarzschild cosmology or black hole cosmological model) is a cosmological model in which the observable universe is the interior of a black hole. Such models were originally proposed by theoretical physicist Raj Kumar Pathria , [ 1 ] and concurrently by mathematician I. J. Good .
The physical universe is widely seen to be composed of "matter" and "energy". In his 2003 article published in Scientific American magazine, Jacob Bekenstein speculatively summarized a current trend started by John Archibald Wheeler, which suggests scientists may "regard the physical world as made of information, with energy and matter as incidentals".
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Hoyle, unlike Gold and Bondi, offered an explanation for the appearance of new matter by postulating the existence of what he dubbed the "creation field", or just the "C-field", which had negative pressure in order to be consistent with the conservation of energy and drive the expansion of the universe.
Since observations indicate the universe is almost flat, [74] [75] [76] it is expected the total energy density of everything in the universe should sum to 1 (Ω tot ≈ 1). The measured dark energy density is Ω Λ ≈ 0.690 ; the observed ordinary (baryonic) matter energy density is Ω b ≈ 0.0482 and the energy density of radiation is ...