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Propylene glycol is often used in electronic cigarettes. Propylene glycol may be non-irritating to the skin, see section Allergic reaction below for details on allergic reactions. [51] Undiluted propylene glycol is minimally irritating to the eye, producing slight transient conjunctivitis; the eye recovers after the exposure is removed.
Propylene glycol-containing liquids produced the most amounts of carbonyls in e-cigarette vapors, [18] while in 2014 most e-cigarettes companies began using water and glycerin instead of propylene glycol for vapor production. [19] Propylene glycol and glycerin are oxidized to create aldehydes that are also found in cigarette smoke when e ...
Polypropylene glycol is produced by ring-opening polymerization of propylene oxide. The initiator is an alcohol and the catalyst a base, usually potassium hydroxide. When the initiator is ethylene glycol or water the polymer is linear. With a multifunctional initiator like glycerine, pentaerythritol or sorbitol the polymer branches out ...
Glycol ethers are a class of chemical compounds consisting of alkyl ethers that are based on glycols such as ethylene glycol or propylene glycol. They are commonly used as solvents in paints and cleaners. They have good solvent properties while having higher boiling points than the lower-molecular-weight ethers and alcohols.
The main component of deicing fluid is a freezing point depressant (FPD), usually propylene glycol or ethylene glycol. Other ingredients vary depending on the manufacturer, but the exact composition of a particular brand of fluid is generally held as confidential proprietary information.
All alcohols are mild skin irritants. [25] Methanol and ethylene glycol are more toxic than other simple alcohols. Their metabolism is affected by the presence of ethanol, which has a higher affinity for liver alcohol dehydrogenase. In this way, methanol will be excreted intact in urine. [28] [29] [30]
About 20% to 27% of propylene glycol and glycerin-based liquid particles are inhaled. [204] A 2016 study reported that 6% of nicotine, 8% of propylene glycol, and 16% of glycerin was breathed out by e-cigarette users. [52]: 162 The long-term effects of inhaled propylene glycol has not been studied, [168] and is unknown. [137]
Ethylene glycol may also be one of the minor ingredients in screen cleaning solutions, along with the main ingredient isopropyl alcohol. Ethylene glycol is commonly used as a preservative for biological specimens, especially in secondary schools during dissection as a safer alternative to formaldehyde. It is also used as part of the water-based ...
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