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The inferior or lower (or ascending) fibers of the trapezius arise from the spinous processes of the remaining thoracic vertebrae (T4–T12). From this origin, they proceed upward and laterally to converge near the scapula and end in an aponeurosis , which glides over the smooth triangular surface on the medial end of the spine, to be inserted ...
The thoracolumbar fascia (lumbodorsal fascia or thoracodorsal fascia) is a complex, [1]: 1137 multilayer arrangement of fascial and aponeurotic layers forming a separation between the paraspinal muscles on one side, and the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall (quadratus lumborum, and psoas major [1]: 1137 ) on the other.
It is formed by a dense band of fibers, conical in form, with its base directed upward. It is attached by its apex to a rough impression at the base of the coracoid process on the scapula , medial to the trapezoid ligament ; above, by its expanded base, to the conoid tubercle on the under surface of the clavicle , and to a line proceeding ...
Middle and inferior fibres of trapezius muscle, and deltoid muscle, attached to the deltoid tubercle. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The deltoid tubercle marks the beginning of attachment of deltoid muscle. [ 1 ]
The large rhombus-shaped muscle, located under the trapezius muscle, in the upper part of the thoracic region of the back, and the small muscle, in the same way, participate in the movement of the scapula. [4] Their functions are the following: [1] [2] [3] Drawing scapula superomedially; Supporting scapula; Rotating glenoid cavity inferiorly
Serratus anterior forms part of the latter group together with rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levator scapulae, and trapezius. The trapezius evolved separately, but the other three muscles in this group evolved from the first eight or ten ribs and the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae (homologous to the ribs). [7]
The rhomboid major is a skeletal muscle of the back that connects the scapula with the vertebrae of the spinal column. [1] It originates from the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae T2–T5 and supraspinous ligament; it inserts onto the lower portion of the medial border of the scapula. [2]
The spinal component of the accessory nerve provides motor control of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. [8] The trapezius muscle controls the action of shrugging the shoulders, and the sternocleidomastoid the action of turning the head. [8] Like most muscles, control of the trapezius muscle arises from the opposite side of the ...