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Algorithm Output size (bits) Internal state size [note 1] Block size Length size Word size Rounds; BLAKE2b: 512 512 1024 128 [note 2]: 64 12 BLAKE2s: 256 256 512 64 [note 3]: 32 10
There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA. These were also designed by the NSA. SHA-3 : A hash function formerly called Keccak , chosen in 2012 after a public competition among non-NSA designers.
SHA-2 basically consists of two hash algorithms: SHA-256 and SHA-512. SHA-224 is a variant of SHA-256 with different starting values and truncated output. SHA-384 and the lesser-known SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256 are all variants of SHA-512. SHA-512 is more secure than SHA-256 and is commonly faster than SHA-256 on 64-bit machines such as AMD64.
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published in 2001. [3] [4] They are built using the Merkle–Damgård construction, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a specialized block cipher.
SHA-1: 160 bits Merkle–Damgård construction: SHA-224: 224 bits Merkle–Damgård construction: SHA-256: 256 bits Merkle–Damgård construction: SHA-384: 384 bits Merkle–Damgård construction: SHA-512: 512 bits Merkle–Damgård construction: SHA-3 (subset of Keccak) arbitrary sponge function: Skein: arbitrary Unique Block Iteration ...
First, the message body is hashed, always from the beginning, possibly truncated to a given length l (which may be zero). Second, selected header fields are hashed, in the order given by h . Repeated field names are matched from the bottom of the header upward, which is the order in which Received: fields are inserted in the header.
In cryptography and computer security, a length extension attack is a type of attack where an attacker can use Hash(message 1) and the length of message 1 to calculate Hash(message 1 ‖ message 2) for an attacker-controlled message 2, without needing to know the content of message 1.
Function Mix Inputs: V a, V b, V c, V d four 8-byte word entries from the work vector V x, y two 8-byte word entries from padded message m Output: V a, V b, V c, V d the modified versions of V a, V b, V c, V d V a ← V a + V b + x with input V d ← (V d xor V a) rotateright 32 V c ← V c + V d no input V b ← (V b xor V c) rotateright 24 V ...