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The thiosulfate ion is tetrahedral at the central S atom. The thiosulfate ion has C 3v symmetry. The external sulfur atom has a valence of 2 while the central sulfur atom has a valence of 6. The oxygen atoms have a valence of 2. The S-S distance of about 201 pm in sodium thiosulphate is appropriate for a single bond.
Conversion of simple disulfides to thiosulfinates results in a considerable weakening of the S–S bond from about 47.8 to 28.0 kcal mol −1 for the S-S bond in PhS(O)SPh and from about 63.2 to 39.3 kcal mol −1 for the S-S bond in MeS(O)SMe, [14] with the consequence that most thiosulfinates are both unstable and quite reactive.
The carbonyl center in thioesters is more reactive toward amine than oxygen nucleophiles, giving amides: Thioesters are components of the native chemical ligation method for peptide synthesis. This reaction is exploited in native chemical ligation, a protocol for peptide synthesis. [8] In a related reaction, thioesters can be converted into ...
A chemical reaction involving the replacement of oxygen to sulfur is called thionation or thiation. Thio- can be prefixed with di- and tri- in chemical nomenclature. The word derives from Ancient Greek θεῖον (theîon) 'sulfur' (which occurs in Greek epic poetry as θέ(ϝ)ειον , théweion and may come from the same root as Latin fumus ...
In the solid state, the thiosulfate anion is tetrahedral in shape and is notionally derived by replacing one of the oxygen atoms by a sulfur atom in a sulfate anion. The S-S distance indicates a single bond, implying that the terminal sulfur holds a significant negative charge and the S-O interactions have more double-bond character.
Regarding the organization of covalent bonds, recall that classic molecular solids, as stated above, consist of small, non-polar covalent molecules. The example given, paraffin wax , is a member of a family of hydrocarbon molecules of differing chain lengths, with high-density polyethylene at the long-chain end of the series.
One problem with this alternative process is the high consumption of thiosulfate, which is more expensive than cyanide. Another issue is the lack of a suitable recovery technique since [Au(S 2 O 3 ) 2 ] 3− does not adsorb to activated carbon , which is the standard technique used in gold cyanidation to separate the gold complex from the ore ...
The S−H bond is much weaker than the O−H bond as reflected in their respective bond dissociation energies (BDE). For CH 3 S−H, the BDE is 366 kJ/mol (87 kcal/mol), while for CH 3 O−H, the BDE is 440 kJ/mol (110 kcal/mol). [10] An S−H bond is moderately polar because of the small difference in the electronegativity of sulfur and ...