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The scientific name Porifera is a neuter plural of the Modern Latin term porifer, which comes from the roots porus meaning "pore, opening", and -fer meaning "bearing or carrying". Overview Sponge biodiversity and morphotypes at the lip of a wall site in 60 feet (20 m) of water.
These sponges also have similar graft-response inflammation to vertebrates. [2] Their immune systems are much simpler than vertebrates; they consist of only innate immunity. [ 2 ] Because they filter thousands of liters of water per day, and their environment contains a high concentration of bacteria and viruses, Suberites have developed a ...
Demosponges (Demospongiae) are the most diverse class in the phylum Porifera. They include greater than 90% of all species of sponges with nearly 8,800 species worldwide (World Porifera Database). [5] They are sponges with a soft body that covers a hard, often massive skeleton made of calcium carbonate, either aragonite or calcite.
Many authors have strongly doubted the hypothesis of sponge paraphyly, arguing that genetic studies have incomplete sampling and are incompatible with the unique anatomical traits shared by living sponges. [10] Calcarea is divided into two subclasses (Calcinea and Calcaronea) and a number of orders.
Hippospongia communis also known as the honeycomb bath sponge, is a marine sponge in the phylum Porifera. Hippospongia communis is a brown or darker color [1] and very porous, due to its many oscules, and is commonly found in shallow waters of the Mediterranean. Throughout history, H. communis has been used for cleaning, medicine, and cooking ...
Parazoa (Parazoa, gr. Παρα-, para, "next to", and ζωα, zoa, "animals") are a taxon with sub-kingdom category that is located at the base of the phylogenetic tree of the animal kingdom in opposition to the sub-kingdom Eumetazoa; they group together the most primitive forms, characterized by not having proper tissues or that, in any case, these tissues are only partially differentiated.
The name "Choanozoa" was first used by protozoologist Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 1991 to refer to a group of basal protists that later proved not to form a clade.This group had the rank of phylum and contained all opisthokont protists while excluding both fungi and animals, making the group paraphyletic.
Porifera are suspension feeders, meaning they can filter plankton and other microorganisms through its osculum. Porifera contain choanocytes , pinacocytes , and archeocytes . The structure of the choanocyte being a singular flagellum surrounded by microvilli is a characteristic of most porifera which allows water to enter.