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Cholestasis is a condition where the flow of bile from the liver to the duodenum is impaired. [1] The two basic distinctions are: [1] obstructive type of cholestasis, where there is a mechanical blockage in the duct system that can occur from a gallstone or malignancy, and
Cholestatic pruritus is the sensation of itch due to nearly any liver disease, but the most commonly associated entities are primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, obstructive choledocholithiasis, carcinoma of the bile duct, cholestasis (also see drug-induced pruritus), and chronic hepatitis C viral infection and other forms of viral hepatitis.
In the developed world, 10 to 15% of adults have gallstones. [3] Of those with gallstones, biliary colic occurs in 1 to 4% each year. [3] Nearly 30% of people have further problems related to gallstones in the year following an attack. [3] About 15% of people with biliary colic eventually develop inflammation of the gallbladder if not treated. [3]
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis, is an autoimmune disease of the liver. [1] [2] [3] It results from a slow, progressive destruction of the small bile ducts of the liver, causing bile and other toxins to build up in the liver, a condition called cholestasis.
Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a group of familial cholestatic conditions caused by defects in biliary epithelial transporters. The clinical presentation usually occurs first in childhood with progressive cholestasis. This usually leads to failure to thrive, cirrhosis, and the need for liver transplantation. [citation ...
Symptoms include right upper abdominal pain, pain in the right shoulder, nausea, vomiting, and occasionally fever. [1] Often gallbladder attacks (biliary colic) precede acute cholecystitis. [1] The pain lasts longer in cholecystitis than in a typical gallbladder attack. [1] Without appropriate treatment, recurrent episodes of cholecystitis are ...
Symptoms like diarrhea and abdominal pain can be normal and fleeting. Experts said such symptoms lasting more than a week without any known cause warrant a call to the doctor.
Drug-induced cholestasis is an adverse outcome of drug-induced-liver-disease. [25] Mechanisms other than direct hepatocyte injury includes competitive inhibition by drug metabolites, such as troglitazone metabolites, that outcompete bilirubin for MRP2 transporters for secretion. [26]