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Until the establishment of seven new provinces in 2015, Nepal was divided into 14 administrative zones (Nepali: अञ्चल; anchal) and 77 districts (Nepali: जिल्ला; jillā). The 14 administrative zones were grouped into five development regions (Nepali: विकास क्षेत्र; vikās kṣetra).
The first level of country subdivision of Nepal are the provinces. Each province is further subdivided into districts, each district into municipalities and rural municipalities, and each of those municipalities into wards. Before 2015, instead of provinces, Nepal was divided into developmental regions and administrative zones.
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As defined by Part 17 of the Constitution of Nepal, the municipalities are governed by a Municipal Executive headed by a mayor.The Municipal Executive consists of the deputy mayor, ward chairpersons elected from each ward in the municipality, and five women members elected by the Municipal Assembly among themselves and three members from the Dalit or other minority communities. [3]
During the time of prime minister Bir Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1885–1901), Nepal was divided into 32 districts and Doti, Palpa and Dhankuta were 3 gaunda (Nepali: गौंडा, "cantonment"). Hilly region had 20 districts and Terai had 12 districts.
Along with other major criteria as mentioned in Local Governance Act 2017 of Nepal, the number of population to be considered as the municipality: the minimum population in mountainous district should be 10,000 while hilly districts, inner terai districts, terai districts, and Kathmandu valley should include forty thousand, fifty thousand, seventy thousand and one hundred thousand respectively.
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Deutsch: Karte der politischen Gliederung von Nepal (5 Entwicklungsregionen und 14 Verwaltungszonen, veraltet seit 2015) English: Map of administrative divisions of Nepal (5 development regions and 14 administrative zones, outdated since 2015)