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An image from John Dalton's A New System of Chemical Philosophy, the first modern explanation of atomic theory.. This timeline of chemistry lists important works, discoveries, ideas, inventions, and experiments that significantly changed humanity's understanding of the modern science known as chemistry, defined as the scientific study of the composition of matter and of its interactions.
1924: Edwin Hubble: the discovery that the Milky Way is just one of many galaxies; 1925: Erwin Schrödinger: Schrödinger equation (Quantum mechanics) 1925: Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: Discovery of the composition of the Sun and that hydrogen is the most abundant element in the Universe; 1927: Werner Heisenberg: Uncertainty principle (Quantum ...
Discoveries during the Scientific Revolution and the age of enlightenment, part of the gradual rejection of the Aristotelian theory of matter, and Lavoisier's definition of a chemical element (19 elements) The chemical and industrial revolutions lead to the standardization of chemical techniques and the development of atomic theory for chemistry
The most celebrated discoveries of Scottish chemist William Ramsay were made in inorganic chemistry. Ramsay was intrigued by the British physicist John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh 's 1892 discovery that the atomic weight of nitrogen found in chemical compounds was lower than that of nitrogen found in the atmosphere.
S. Science and invention in Birmingham; Scientific achievements, inventions, and discoveries of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; List of Scottish inventions and discoveries
Merton believed that it is multiple discoveries, rather than unique ones, that represent the common pattern in science. [4] Merton contrasted a "multiple" with a "singleton"—a discovery that has been made uniquely by a single scientist or group of scientists working together. [5] The distinction may blur as science becomes increasingly ...
1944 – Barbara McClintock breeds maize plants for color, which leads to the discovery of jumping genes. 1947 – John Bardeen and Walter Brattain fabricate the first working transistor. 1951 – Solomon Asch shows how group pressure can persuade an individual to conform to an obviously wrong opinion.
Pais, Abraham ; Inward Bound – Of Matter & Forces in the Physical World, Oxford University Press (1986) ISBN 0-19-851997-4 Written by a former Einstein assistant at Princeton, this is a beautiful detailed history of modern fundamental physics, from 1895 (discovery of X-rays) to 1983 (discovery of vectors bosons at C.E.R.N.)