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The double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) structure of the hairpins in a pri-miRNA is recognized by a nuclear protein known as DiGeorge Syndrome Critical Region 8 (DGCR8 or "Pasha" in invertebrates), named for its association with DiGeorge Syndrome. DGCR8 associates with the enzyme Drosha, a protein that cuts RNA, to form the Microprocessor complex.
The Let-7 microRNA precursor gives rise to let-7, a microRNA (miRNA) involved in control of stem-cell division and differentiation. [ 1 ] let-7 , short for "lethal-7", was discovered along with the miRNA lin-4 in a study of developmental timing in C. elegans , [ 2 ] making these miRNAs the first ever discovered.
The RNase III Dicer is a critical member of RISC that initiates the RNA interference process by producing double-stranded siRNA or single-stranded miRNA. Enzymatic cleavage of dsRNA within the cell produces the short siRNA fragments of 21-23 nucleotides in length with a two-nucleotide 3' overhang.
n/a Ensembl ENSG00000284357 n/a UniProt n a n/a RefSeq (mRNA) n/a n/a RefSeq (protein) n/a n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 9.15 – 9.15 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human MicroRNA 34a (miR-34a) is a microRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR34A gene. Function microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20–24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene ...
The microprocessor complex consists minimally of two proteins: Drosha, a ribonuclease III enzyme; and DGCR8, a double-stranded RNA binding protein. [4] [5] [6] (DGCR8 is the name used in mammalian genetics, abbreviated from "DiGeorge syndrome critical region 8"; the homologous protein in model organisms such as flies and worms is called Pasha, for Partner of Drosha.)
Members of the ribonuclease III superfamily of double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific endoribonucleases participate in diverse RNA maturation and decay pathways in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. [12] The RNase III Drosha is the core nuclease that executes the initiation step of microRNA (miRNA) processing in the nucleus. [8] [11]
The subunit DGCR8 is localized to the cell nucleus and is required for microRNA (miRNA) processing. It binds to the other subunit Drosha, an RNase III enzyme, to form the microprocessor complex that cleaves a primary transcript known as pri-miRNA to a characteristic stem-loop structure known as a pre-miRNA, which is then further processed to miRNA fragments by the enzyme Dicer.
miR-324-5p is a reverse strand miRNA, meaning it is produced from the 5' end of the associated RNA, and spans from position 7,223,342 to 7,223,364 on chromosome 17. [14] Its sequence is CGCAUCCCCUAGGGCAUUGGUG. [15] [16] miRNA forms following cleavage of pre-miRNA at the hairpin loop by the enzyme dicer within the cytosol. Interestingly, both ...
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