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Uncertainty or incertitude refers to situations involving imperfect or unknown information. It applies to predictions of future events, to physical measurements that are already made, or to the unknown. Uncertainty arises in partially observable or stochastic environments, as well as due to ignorance, indolence, or both. [1]
Zozobra is a Spanish word for distress.The Mexican philosopher Emilio Uranga has used the term to describe a specific form of existential anxiety related to uncertainty and ambiguity, following its usage by the poet Ramón López Velarde.
As of 2023, almost 600 million people speak Spanish, making it the fourth-most-spoken language, after English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindi, and the most-spoken Romance language in the world. [5] [6] Spanish grammar is typical to that of most Indo-European languages, with verbs undergoing complex patterns of conjugation. [7]
Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is the science of quantitative characterization and estimation of uncertainties in both computational and real world applications. It tries to determine how likely certain outcomes are if some aspects of the system are not exactly known.
The Diccionario de la lengua española [a] (DLE; [b] English: Dictionary of the Spanish language) is the authoritative dictionary of the Spanish language. [1] It is produced, edited and published by the Royal Spanish Academy , with the participation of the Association of Academies of the Spanish Language .
The first meaning in the Spanish language of albur refers to contingency or chance to which the result is trusted. Like in: "Leave nothing to the albur" or "it was worth the risk of an albur". The term originally referred to the hidden cards in the Spanish Monte betting card game. [ 1 ]
In attribute uncertainty, each uncertain attribute in a tuple is subject to its own independent probability distribution. [2] For example, if readings are taken of temperature and wind speed, each would be described by its own probability distribution, as knowing the reading for one measurement would not provide any information about the other.
In physical experiments uncertainty analysis, or experimental uncertainty assessment, deals with assessing the uncertainty in a measurement.An experiment designed to determine an effect, demonstrate a law, or estimate the numerical value of a physical variable will be affected by errors due to instrumentation, methodology, presence of confounding effects and so on.