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Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (/ ˌ æ n dʒ i ə ˈ s p ər m iː /). [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The term 'angiosperm' is derived from the Greek words ἀγγεῖον / angeion ('container, vessel') and σπέρμα / sperma ('seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed within a fruit.
The APG system of 1998, and the later 2003 [7] and 2009 [8] revisions, treat the flowering plants as an unranked clade without a formal Latin name (angiosperms). A formal classification was published alongside the 2009 revision in which the flowering plants rank as a subclass (Magnoliidae). [9]
Dicotyledon plantlet Young castor oil plant showing its prominent two embryonic leaves (), which differ from the adult leaves. The dicotyledons, also known as dicots (or, more rarely, dicotyls), [2] are one of the two groups into which all the flowering plants (angiosperms) were formerly divided.
It is one of the three orders of basal angiosperms, an early-diverging grade of flowering plants. At least 10 morphological characters unite the Nymphaeales. [ 3 ] One of the traits is the absence of a vascular cambium , which is required to produce both xylem (wood) and phloem , which therefore are missing. [ 4 ]
A flower, also known as a bloom or blossom, [1] is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). Flowers consist of a combination of vegetative organs – sepals that enclose and protect the developing flower.
Magnoliids, Magnoliidae or Magnolianae are a clade of flowering plants.With more than 10,000 species, including magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, tulip tree and many others, it is the third-largest group of angiosperms after the eudicots and monocots. [3]
The Linnaean classes for plants, in the Sexual System, were (page numbers refer to Species plantarum): Classis 1. Monandria: flowers with 1 stamen; Classis 2. Diandria: flowers with 2 stamens; Classis 3. Triandria: flowers with 3 stamens; Classis 4. Tetrandria: flowers with 4 stamens; Classis 5. Pentandria: flowers with 5 stamens; Classis 6.
Botany is a natural science concerned with the study of plants.The main branches of botany (also referred to as "plant science") are commonly divided into three groups: core topics, concerned with the study of the fundamental natural phenomena and processes of plant life, the classification and description of plant diversity; applied topics which study the ways in which plants may be used for ...