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For any question they do not know the answer to, respondents are asked to write "DK" for "don't know". The behavioral rating scale takes 5–10 minutes to complete and is designed for use with children ages 5 and up. The scores of the scale have been shown to be reliable and valid across multiple different study samples. [2] [3]
A meta analysis conducted by Bard, who extrapolated data, demonstrated that the test-retest reliability exceeded .80 for all summed scale scores in elementary school children populations with a time span of about a year. Test-repeatability TBD Data has not been collected for test repeatability.
Brain imaging studies have suggested that children with ODD may have hypofunction in the part of the brain responsible for reasoning, judgment, and impulse control. [35] Children with ODD are thought to have an overactive behavioral activation system (BAS), and an underactive behavioral inhibition system (BIS). [ 36 ]
There is also the fact that assessing a child's behaviour can be subjective. [1] This subjectivity leads to psychologists being encouraged to pair the CBRS with other tests and scales. It is not a purely objective test. However, it can help better understand a child's behavioural, social and emotional stability.
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Pathological demand avoidance (PDA) or extreme demand avoidance (EDA) is a proposed disorder, and proposed sub-type of autism spectrum disorder, defined by characteristics such as a demand avoidance—which is a greater-than-typical refusal to comply with requests or expectations—and extreme efforts to avoid social demands.
The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) is a widely used caregiver report form identifying problem behavior in children. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is widely used in both research and clinical practice with youths. It has been translated into more than 90 languages, [ 3 ] and normative data are available integrating information from multiple societies.
In medical testing with binary classification, the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) is a measure of the effectiveness of a diagnostic test. [1] It is defined as the ratio of the odds of the test being positive if the subject has a disease relative to the odds of the test being positive if the subject does not have the disease.