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An apothecary in the 15th century. Apothecary (/ ə ˈ p ɒ θ ə k ər i /) is an archaic English term for a medical professional who formulates and dispenses materia medica (medicine) to physicians, surgeons and patients. The modern terms pharmacist and chemist (British English) have taken over this role.
The first "drugstores" in North America "appeared in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Boston, New York, and Philadelphia," [11] with likely proto-drugstores—for example Gysbert van Imbroch ran a "general store" that sold drugs from 1663 to 1665 in Wildwyck, New Netherland, [12] today's Kingston, New York—preceding the dedicated apothecary shops of the 1700s, and providing a model.
James McCune Smith (April 18, 1813 – November 17, 1865) was an American physician, apothecary, abolitionist and author. He was the first African American to earn a medical degree. His M.D. was awarded by the University of Glasgow in Glasgow, Scotland, where a building has been dedicated to him. [3]
The Apothecary or The Chemist by Gabriël Metsu (c. 1651 –67) Pharmacy is the science and practice of discovering, producing, preparing, dispensing, reviewing and monitoring medications , aiming to ensure the safe, effective, and affordable use of medicines .
German postage stamp from 1991, commemorating 750 years of the apothecary profession. The apothecaries' system, or apothecaries' weights and measures, is a historical system of mass and volume units that were used by physicians and apothecaries for medical prescriptions and also sometimes by scientists.
James Parkinson, English apothecary and namesake of the disease Parkinson's; Ruiz y Pavón (1850–1931), Ruiz and Pavón, Spanish famous pharmacists; Pierre Joseph Pelletier (1788–1842), co-discoverer of quinine, caffeine, and strychnine; James Petiver (ca. 1664–1718), botanist and entomologist, considered the "father of British butterflies"
The duties of the herbalist was to supply physicians with raw materials, including plants, to make medicines. [7] According to Edward Kremers and Glenn Sonnedecker, "before, during and after the time of Hippocrates there was a group of experts in medicinal plants.
A pharmacist, also known as a chemist in Commonwealth English, is a healthcare professional who is knowledgeable about preparation, mechanism of action, clinical usage and legislation of medications in order to dispense them safely to the public and to provide consultancy services.
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