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The butyrate or butanoate ion, C 3 H 7 COO −, is the conjugate base of butyric acid. It is the form found in biological systems at physiological pH . A butyric (or butanoic) compound is a carboxylate salt or ester of butyric acid.
The effect of the tert-butyl group on the progress of a chemical reaction is called the Thorpe–Ingold effect illustrated in the Diels-Alder reaction below. Compared to a hydrogen substituent, the tert-butyl substituent accelerates the reaction rate by a factor of 240. [2] tert-Butyl effect. The tert-butyl effect is an example of steric hindrance.
Butyl butyrate, or butyl butanoate, is an organic compound that is an ester formed by the condensation of butyric acid and n-butanol. It is a clear, colorless liquid that is insoluble in water, but miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether. Its refractive index is 1.406 at 20 °C.
From left to right: the two isomeric groups propyl and 1-methylethyl (iPr or isopropyl), and the non-isomeric cyclopropyl group. In organic chemistry, a propyl group is a three-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula −CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 for the linear form.
Isobutyric acid, also known as 2-methylpropanoic acid or isobutanoic acid, is a carboxylic acid with structural formula (CH 3) 2 CHCOOH. It is an isomer of butyric acid. It is classified as a short-chain fatty acid. Deprotonation or esterification gives derivatives called isobutyrates.
The molecular formula C 5 H 10 O 2 (molar mass: 102.13 g/mol) may refer to: tert-Butyl formate; Ethyl propionate; Hydroxypivaldehyde; Isobutyl formate; Isopropyl acetate; Methylbutanoic acids. 2-Methylbutanoic acid; 3-Methylbutanoic acid (isovaleric acid) Methyl butyrate; Methyl isobutyrate; Pivalic acid; Propyl acetate; Tetrahydrofurfuryl ...
Isovaleric acid, also known as 3-methylbutanoic acid or β-methylbutyric acid, is a branched-chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula (CH 3) 2 CHCH 2 CO 2 H. It is classified as a short-chain fatty acid. Like other low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids, it has an unpleasant odor. The compound occurs naturally and can be found in ...
Isobutanol (IUPAC nomenclature: 2-methylpropan-1-ol) is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 CHCH 2 OH (sometimes represented as i-BuOH).This colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic smell is mainly used as a solvent either directly or as its esters.