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Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.
Suction caissons (also referred to as suction anchors, suction piles or suction buckets) are a form of fixed platform anchor in the form of an open bottomed tube embedded in the sediment and sealed at the top while in use so that lifting forces generate a pressure differential that holds the caisson down.
Horse artillery—rows of limbers and caissons, each pulled by teams of six horses with three postilion riders and an escort on horseback (1933, Poland). A limber is a two-wheeled cart designed to support the trail of an artillery piece, or the stock of a field carriage such as a caisson or traveling forge, allowing it to be towed.
Caisson (French for "box") may refer to: Caisson (engineering), a sealed underwater structure; Caisson (vehicle), a two-wheeled cart for carrying ammunition, also used in certain state and military funerals; Caisson (Asian architecture), a spider web ceiling; Caisson (lock gate), a gate for a dock or lock, constructed as a floating caisson
In closed caissons the internal pressure may be raised to keep water out. Occupants need to use an airlock for access, and may require decompression stops when exiting. Underwater demolition, for removal of damaged structure in repair work, or to prepare an area for new construction. Underwater surveying: site surveys and geological surveys
Ship caisson at Droogdok Jan Blanken at Hellevoetsluis. A caisson is a form of lock gate.It consists of a large floating iron or steel box. This can be flooded to seat the caisson in the opening of the dock to close it, or pumped dry to float it and allow it to be towed clear of the dock.
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The caisson (or caisoon) was thought to be one solution, although it transpired that the technology of the day was not capable of achieving this type of construction economically. It was designed primarily as a water-saving measure, and also was an attempt to minimise construction costs compared with other engineering solutions of the time.