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Spina bifida (SB; /ˌspaɪnə ˈbɪfɪdə/, [9] Latin for 'split spine') [10] is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the membranes around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. [1] There are three main types: spina bifida occulta, meningocele and myelomeningocele. [1]
Congenital heart defects, hydronephrosis, omphalocele and meningocele (spina bifida) are also common. Cystic hygromas occur but are uncommon. [citation needed] Triploid fetuses have intrauterine growth restriction beginning early in the pregnancy, as early as 12 weeks, and does not affect the head as severely as the body.
Congenital vertebral anomalies are a collection of malformations of the spine.Most, around 85%, are not clinically significant, but they can cause compression of the spinal cord by deforming the vertebral canal or causing instability.
Spina bifida; Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy; Spinal cord injury; Spinal cord tumors; Spinal muscular atrophy; Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 – see Distal spinal muscular atrophy type 1; Spinocerebellar ataxia; Split-brain; Steele–Richardson–Olszewski syndrome – see Progressive supranuclear palsy; Stiff ...
In tethered spinal cord cases spina bifida can be accompanied by tethering of the spinal cord but in rare cases with Spina bifida occulta. Tethering of the spinal cord tends to occur in the cases of Spina bifida with mylomeningocele. In most people the spine grows faster than the spinal cord during development which causes the end of the spinal ...
Diastematomyelia is a "dysraphic state" of unknown embryonic origin, but is probably initiated by an accessory neurenteric canal (an additional embryonic spinal canal.).) This condition may be an isolated phenomenon or may be associated with other segmental anomalies of the vertebral bodies such as spina bifida, kyphoscoliosis, butterfly vertebra, hemivertebra and block vertebrae which are ...
Shine (a name derived from Spina bifida, Hydrocephalus, Information, Networking and Equality) (formerly known as ASBAH) is a UK registered charity [1] providing information and advice about spina bifida and hydrocephalus to individuals, families and carers.
[7] Most sacral dimple cases are minor and do not relate to any underlying medical problem, [1] [3] [5] but some can result from disease, notably spina bifida. [3] [5] If so, this is usually the spina bifida occulta form, which is the least serious kind. [3] Simple dimples are typically small, measuring less than 5 mm in size.