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Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), also known as neonatal aspiration of meconium, is a medical condition affecting newborn infants. It describes the spectrum of disorders and pathophysiology of newborns born in meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and have meconium within their lungs.
The syndrome develops in about 20% of human pregnancies continuing past the expected delivery date. [3] Features of post-maturity syndrome include oligohydramnios (a deficiency of amniotic fluid); [4] meconium aspiration (breathing meconium in the amniotic fluid); and macrosomia (being overly large).
It is associated with complications such as cord compression, abnormal heart rate, fetal acidosis, and meconium amniotic fluid. [10] Meconium aspiration syndrome – Respiratory compromise secondary to meconium present in infant's lungs. [11] Macrosomia – Excessive birth weight, estimated fetal weight of ≥ 4.5 kg.
Amnioinfusion is a method in which isotonic fluid is instilled into the uterine cavity.. It was introduced in the 1960s as a means of terminating pregnancy and inducing labor in intrauterine death, but is currently used as a treatment in order to correct fetal heart rate changes caused by umbilical cord compression, indicated by variable decelerations seen on fetal heart rate monitoring.
Neonatology is a subspecialty of pediatrics that consists of the medical care of newborn infants, ... Meconium aspiration syndrome; Necrotizing enterocolitis ...
The widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the nursery intensive care unit can cause a higher prevalence of invasive antibiotic resistant bacteria. [30] Meconium aspiration syndrome has a mortality rate just over 4%. This accounts for 2% for all neonatal deaths. [58]
The presence of meconium within the lungs, known as meconium aspiration syndrome, can obstruct the airways and also deactivate the newborn's surfactant. The inflammation that also results from the inhalation of meconium also causes airway constriction, resulting in poor ventilation of the alveoli and inadequate oxygenation of the pulmonary ...
07-30-1996 Treatment of meconium aspiration syndrome in newborn infants; 07-17-1995 Treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults. 05-23-2006 Prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants; 10-21-2005 Treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants.