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A building estimator or cost estimator is an individual that quantifies the materials, labor, and equipment needed to complete a construction project. Building cost estimating can concern diverse forms of construction from residential properties to hi-rise and civil works.
Quantity is a property that can exist as a magnitude or multitude. For example 1200 mm or 10 each. Quantity surveyor (QS) is a professional working within the construction industry concerned with building costs, in the U.K. and some other areas. A QS employs standard methods of measurement to develop a bill of quantities.
The International Cost Engineering Congress (ICEC) was founded in 1976 as a Worldwide Confederation of Cost Engineering, Quantity Surveying and Project Management Societies. In 2006, AACE published the Total Cost Management (TCM) Framework, which outlines an integrated process for applying the skills and knowledge of cost engineering (see ...
QS World University Rankings, an annual publication; Quality System (QS) Regulation, a business process; Quantity surveyor, a professional in the construction industry concerned with costs and contracts; Travel Service (IATA airline designator QS) Quadraphonic sound, the Sansui QS Regular Matrix system
A quantity surveyor (QS) is a construction industry professional with expert knowledge on construction costs and contracts.Qualified professional quantity surveyors can be known as Chartered Surveyors (Members and Fellows of RICS) in the UK and Certified Quantity Surveyors (a designation of the Australian Institute of Quantity Surveyors) in Australia and other countries.
The University of the Punjab (UoP), also referred to as the Punjab University (PU), is a public research university in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Founded in 1882, its international influence has made it one of the most prestigious universities in South Asia ; being the oldest and largest public sector one in the wider Punjab region , as well as ...
Intermittent fasting resulted in a hair growth speed reduction of 18% in adults who practiced the diet compared to controls who were eating a regular diet, a new study found.
This book contained many practical problems of surveying using geometry. This work provided detailed instructions on how to measure distances and heights with tall surveyor's poles and horizontal bars fixed at right angles to them. The units of measurement were 1 li = 180 zhang = 1800 chi, 1 zhang = 10 chi = 100 cun, 1 bu (step) = 6 chi, 1 chi ...