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  2. Petroleum refining processes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_refining_processes

    The image below is a schematic flow diagram of a typical petroleum refinery that depicts the various refining processes and the flow of intermediate product streams that occurs between the inlet crude oil feedstock and the final end-products. The diagram depicts only one of the literally hundreds of different oil refinery configurations.

  3. Fluid catalytic cracking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_catalytic_cracking

    A typical fluid catalytic cracking unit in a petroleum refinery. Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is the conversion process used in petroleum refineries to convert the high-boiling point, high-molecular weight hydrocarbon fractions of petroleum (crude oils) into gasoline, alkene gases, and other petroleum products.

  4. Catalytic reforming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_reforming

    The process flow diagram below depicts a typical semi-regenerative catalytic reforming unit. Schematic diagram of a typical semi-regenerative catalytic reformer unit in a petroleum refinery. The liquid feed (at the bottom left in the diagram) is pumped up to the reaction pressure (5–45 atm) and is joined by a stream of hydrogen-rich recycle gas.

  5. Oil refinery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_refinery

    The image below is a schematic flow diagram of a typical oil refinery that depicts the various unit processes and the flow of intermediate product streams that occurs between the inlet crude oil feedstock and the final end products. The diagram depicts only one of the literally hundreds of different oil refinery configurations.

  6. Hydrodesulfurization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrodesulfurization

    The image below is a schematic depiction of the equipment and the process flow streams in a typical refinery HDS unit. Schematic diagram of a typical hydrodesulfurization (HDS) unit in a petroleum refinery. The liquid feed (at the bottom left in the diagram) is pumped up to the required elevated pressure and is joined by a stream of hydrogen ...

  7. Visbreaker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visbreaker

    A schematic diagram of a Visbreaker unit. The term coil (or furnace) visbreaking is applied to units where the cracking process occurs in the furnace tubes (or "coils")."). Material exiting the furnace is quenched to halt the cracking reactions: frequently this is achieved by heat exchange with the virgin material being fed to the furnace, which in turn is a good energy efficiency step, but ...

  8. Vacuum distillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_distillation

    Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... The refining of crude oil begins with ... Figure 2 is a simplified process diagram of a petroleum refinery ...

  9. Atmospheric distillation of crude oil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_distillation...

    Refining of crude oils essentially consists of primary separation processes and secondary conversion processes. The petroleum refining process is the separation of the different hydrocarbons present in crude oil into useful fractions and the conversion of some of the hydrocarbons into products having higher quality performance.