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With respect to FWER control, the Bonferroni correction can be conservative if there are a large number of tests and/or the test statistics are positively correlated. [9] Multiple-testing corrections, including the Bonferroni procedure, increase the probability of Type II errors when null hypotheses are false, i.e., they reduce statistical power.
Multiple comparisons arise when a statistical analysis involves multiple simultaneous statistical tests, each of which has a potential to produce a "discovery". A stated confidence level generally applies only to each test considered individually, but often it is desirable to have a confidence level for the whole family of simultaneous tests. [ 4 ]
Multiple testing procedures are sometimes used to compensate, but that is often difficult or impossible to do precisely. Post hoc analysis that is conducted and interpreted without adequate consideration of this problem is sometimes called data dredging by critics because the statistical associations that it finds are often spurious.
In statistics, Dunnett's test is a multiple comparison procedure [1] developed by Canadian statistician Charles Dunnett [2] to compare each of a number of treatments with a single control. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Multiple comparisons to a control are also referred to as many-to-one comparisons.
It was 2007 and at 17, I’d already been sexually active for two years and with multiple partners. I had rarely used a condom. I fiddled with the purity ring I wore on a chain around my neck ...
This story was reviewed by Mike Bohl, MD. In the ‘80s, researchers set out to test a medication called sildenafil citrate for treating high blood pressure and angina (chest pain) from heart disease.
The detective said a woman from Identifinders International, a genetic genealogy investigation firm, would call her about her DNA to help with identifying closer relatives, according to Jenna.
Holm's motives for naming his method after Bonferroni are explained in the original paper: "The use of the Boole inequality within multiple inference theory is usually called the Bonferroni technique, and for this reason we will call our test the sequentially rejective Bonferroni test."