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Even with the Cold War ending in 1991, deterrence from mutually assured destruction is still said to be the safest course to avoid nuclear warfare. [10] A study published in the Journal of Conflict Resolution in 2009 quantitatively evaluated the nuclear peace hypothesis and found support for the existence of the stability-instability paradox.
The stability–instability paradox is an international relations theory regarding the effect of nuclear weapons and mutually assured destruction.It states that when two countries each have nuclear weapons, the probability of a direct war between them greatly decreases, but the probability of minor or indirect conflicts between them increases.
The doctrine of mutual assured destruction (MAD) assumes that a nuclear deterrent force must be credible and survivable. That is, each deterrent force must survive a first strike with sufficient capability to effectively destroy the other country in a second strike. Therefore, a first strike would be suicidal for the launching country.
With Russia stationing tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus, David A. Andelman argues that nuclear arms control treaties are desperately needed – and looks back at the Cold War concept of ...
A massive retaliation doctrine, as with any nuclear strategy based on the principle of mutually assured destruction and as an extension the second-strike capability needed to form a retaliatory attack, encouraged the opponent to perform a massive counterforce first strike. This, if successful, would cripple the defending state's retaliatory ...
Russia’s use of a nuclear-capable missile is a clear departure from Cold War doctrine of deterrence. ... offering what is known as “mutual assured destruction,” or MAD, in the nuclear age. ...
Based on the principle of mutually assured destruction, ... The Encyclopedia of the Cold War: A Political, Social, and Military History (5 vol., 2007) 1969pp;
Flexible response represented a capability to fight across all spectrums of warfare, not just with nuclear arms such as this Titan II missile.. Flexible response was a defense strategy implemented by John F. Kennedy in 1961 to address the Kennedy administration's skepticism of Dwight Eisenhower's New Look and its policy of massive retaliation.