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2. Binary number - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_number

   Arithmetic values thought to have been represented by parts of the Eye of Horus. The scribes of ancient Egypt used two different systems for their fractions, Egyptian fractions (not related to the binary number system) and Horus-Eye fractions (so called because many historians of mathematics believe that the symbols used for this system could be arranged to form the eye of Horus, although this ...

3. Binary operation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_operation

   Typical examples of binary operations are the addition (+) and multiplication of numbers and matrices as well as composition of functions on a single set. For instance, For instance, On the set of real numbers R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } , f ( a , b ) = a + b {\displaystyle f(a,b)=a+b} is a binary operation since the sum of two real numbers ...

4. Dyadic rational - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyadic_rational

   In mathematics, a dyadic rational or binary rational is a number that can be expressed as a fraction whose denominator is a power of two. For example, 1/2, 3/2, and 3/8 are dyadic rationals, but 1/3 is not. These numbers are important in computer science because they are the only ones with finite binary representations. Dyadic rationals also ...

5. Addition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addition

   Addition of fractions is much simpler when the denominators are the same; in this case, one can simply add the numerators while leaving the denominator the same: + = +, so + = + =. [ 63 ] The commutativity and associativity of rational addition is an easy consequence of the laws of integer arithmetic. [ 64 ]

6. Mediant (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediant_(mathematics)

   Technically, this is a binary operation on valid fractions (nonzero denominator), considered as ordered pairs of appropriate integers, a priori disregarding the perspective on rational numbers as equivalence classes of fractions. For example, the mediant of the fractions 1/1 and 1/2 is 2/3.

7. Fixed-point arithmetic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_arithmetic

   A fixed-point representation of a fractional number is essentially an integer that is to be implicitly multiplied by a fixed scaling factor. For example, the value 1.23 can be stored in a variable as the integer value 1230 with implicit scaling factor of 1/1000 (meaning that the last 3 decimal digits are implicitly assumed to be a decimal fraction), and the value 1 230 000 can be represented ...

8. Signed number representations - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signed_number_representations

   To add two numbers represented in this system, one does a conventional binary addition, but it is then necessary to do an end-around carry: that is, add any resulting carry back into the resulting sum. [8] To see why this is necessary, consider the following example showing the case of the addition of −1 (11111110) to +2 (00000010):

9. Arithmetic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic

   For example, subtraction is the inverse of addition since a number returns to its original value if a second number is first added and subsequently subtracted, as in + =. Defined more formally, the operation " ⋆ {\displaystyle \star } " is an inverse of the operation " ∘ {\displaystyle \circ } " if it fulfills the following condition: t ⋆ ...