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  2. Zones of the lung - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zones_of_the_lung

    Alveolar pressure (PA) at end expiration is equal to atmospheric pressure (0 cm H 2 O differential pressure, at zero flow), plus or minus 2 cm H 2 O (1.5 mmHg) throughout the lung. On the other hand, gravity causes a gradient in blood pressure between the top and bottom of the lung of 20 mmHg in the erect position (roughly half of that in the ...

  3. Pulmonary gas pressures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_gas_pressures

    The alveolar oxygen partial pressure is lower than the atmospheric O 2 partial pressure for two reasons. Firstly, as the air enters the lungs, it is humidified by the upper airway and thus the partial pressure of water vapour (47 mmHg) reduces the oxygen partial pressure to about 150 mmHg.

  4. Alveolar gas equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_gas_equation

    The alveolar gas equation is the method for calculating partial pressure of alveolar oxygen (p A O 2). The equation is used in assessing if the lungs are properly transferring oxygen into the blood .

  5. Diffusing capacity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusing_capacity

    is the partial pressure of oxygen in the systemic veins (where it can actually be measured). Thus, the higher the diffusing capacity , the more gas will be transferred into the lung per unit time for a given gradient in partial pressure (or concentration) of the gas. Since it can be possible to know the alveolar oxygen concentration and the ...

  6. Ventilation/perfusion ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventilation/perfusion_ratio

    This matching may be assessed in the lung as a whole, or in individual or in sub-groups of gas-exchanging units in the lung. On the other side Ventilation-perfusion mismatch is the term used when the ventilation and the perfusion of a gas exchanging unit are not matched. The actual values in the lung vary depending on the position within the lung.

  7. Alveolar pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_pressure

    Image illustrating transpulmonary, intrapleural and intra-alveolar pressure. Alveolar pressure (P alv) is the pressure of air inside the lung alveoli.When the glottis is opened and no air is flowing into or out of the lungs, alveolar pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure, that is, zero cmH 2 O.

  8. Work of breathing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_of_breathing

    The normal relaxed state of the lung and chest is partially empty. Further exhalation requires muscular work. Inhalation is an active process requiring work. [4] Some of this work is to overcome frictional resistance to flow, and part is used to deform elastic tissues, and is stored as potential energy, which is recovered during the passive process of exhalation, Tidal breathing is breathing ...

  9. Blood gas tension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_gas_tension

    Blood gas tension refers to the partial pressure of gases in blood. [1] There are several significant purposes for measuring gas tension. [ 2 ] The most common gas tensions measured are oxygen tension (P x O 2 ), carbon dioxide tension (P x CO 2 ) and carbon monoxide tension (P x CO). [ 3 ]