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Mid-Atlantic Ridge and adjacent plates. Volcanoes indicated in red.. In geological terms, Iceland is a young island. It started to form in the Miocene era about 20 million years ago from a series of volcanic eruptions on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where it lies between the North American Plate and Eurasian Plate.
This is a timeline of Icelandic history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Iceland and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see history of Iceland .
Iceland became more isolated during World War I and suffered a significant decline in living standards. [19] [20] The treasury became highly indebted, there was a shortage of food and fears over an imminent famine. [19] [20] [21] Iceland traded significantly with the United Kingdom during the War, as Iceland found itself within its sphere of ...
Iceland's stock market, the Iceland Stock Exchange (ISE), was established in 1985. [152] Iceland is ranked 27th in the 2012 Index of Economic Freedom, lower than in prior years but still among the freest in the world. [153] As of 2016, it ranks 29th in the World Economic Forum's Global Competitive Index, one place lower than in 2015. [154]
The oldest known source which mentions the name "Iceland" is an eleventh-century rune carving from Gotland. There is a possible early mention of Iceland in the book De mensura orbis terrae by the Irish monk Dicuil, dating to 825. [9] Dicuil claimed to have met some monks who had lived on the island of Thule. They said that darkness reigned ...
The Icelandic Commonwealth, [a] also known as the Icelandic Free State, was the political unit existing in Iceland between the establishment of the Althing (Icelandic: Alþingi) in 930 and the pledge of fealty to the Norwegian king with the Old Covenant in 1262.
Afrikaans; Anarâškielâ; العربية; Asturianu; Azərbaycanca; تۆرکجه; বাংলা; Башҡортса; Беларуская; Беларуская ...
This was Iceland's first national conflict with Denmark in the political domain. [2] By 1871, Iceland was still part of the Danish kingdom; however, by this point in time nationalists had managed to pass a law allowing Iceland to trade with all nations (1854) and had liberalized its election laws (1857).