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The origins of SSA and, more generally, of subspace-based methods for signal processing, go back to the eighteenth century (Prony's method).A key development was the formulation of the spectral decomposition of the covariance operator of stochastic processes by Kari Karhunen and Michel Loève in the late 1940s (Loève, 1945; Karhunen, 1947).
PISM uses a "SIA+SSA hybrid" model, using both the shallow shelf approximation and shallow ice approximation models as stress balance models and does not solve full Stokes equations. [26] The model gets climatic information from an external General Circulation Model , and needs information like boundary temperature, mass flux into the ice ...
Specific surface area (SSA) is a property of solids defined as the total surface area (SA) of a material per unit mass, [1] (with units of m 2 /kg or m 2 /g). Alternatively, it may be defined as SA per solid or bulk volume [ 2 ] [ 3 ] (units of m 2 /m 3 or m −1 ).
The transmitter was the old driver CTD 500 with SSA 400 or SSA 1000. Receiver was the CR 300, two of them in the cabinet. The intention was to use space diversity. No place for two "real" Antennas, the second receiver got an active antenna AA300. Each receiver had a FSK demodulator, CRFD 1000.
Stress–strain analysis (or stress analysis) is an engineering discipline that uses many methods to determine the stresses and strains in materials and structures subjected to forces. In continuum mechanics , stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighboring particles of a continuous material exert on each other ...
Probability density of stress S (red, top) and resistance R (blue, top), and of equality (m = R - S = 0, black, bottom). Distribution of stress S and strength R: all the (R, S) situations have a probability density (grey level surface). The area where the margin m = R - S is positive is the set of situation where the system is reliable (R > S).
A signal analyzer is an instrument that measures the magnitude and phase of the input signal at a single frequency within the IF bandwidth of the instrument. It employs digital techniques to extract useful information that is carried by an electrical signal. [ 1 ]
Jean-Claude Flabel is the author of the aerospace engineering textbook Practical Stress Analysis for Design Engineers; a handbook on practical stress analysis which is widely used within the aerospace industry. Jean-Claude Flabel graduated from the California State University, Northridge in 1970 with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering.