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  2. Null Island - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_Island

    Null Island is the location at zero degrees latitude and zero degrees longitude), i.e., where the prime meridian and the equator intersect. Since there is no landmass located at these coordinates, it is not an actual island. The name is often used in mapping software as a placeholder to help find and correct database entries that have ...

  3. Prime meridian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_meridian

    A prime meridian is an arbitrarily chosen meridian (a line of longitude) in a geographic coordinate system at which longitude is defined to be 0°. Together, a prime meridian and its anti-meridian (the 180th meridian in a 360°-system) form a great circle.

  4. Prime meridian (Greenwich) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_meridian_(Greenwich)

    The astronomical longitude of the Greenwich prime meridian was found to be 0.19″ ± 0.47″ E, i.e. the plane defined by the local vertical on the Greenwich prime meridian and the plane passing through Earth's rotation axis on the ITRF zero meridian are effectively parallel.

  5. IERS Reference Meridian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IERS_Reference_Meridian

    The most important reason for the 5.3 seconds of longitude offset between the IERS Reference Meridian and the Airy transit circle is that the observations with the transit circle were based on the local vertical, while the IERS Reference is a geodetic longitude, that is, the plane of the meridian contains the center of mass of the Earth. [1]

  6. Equator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equator

    Road sign marking the equator near Nanyuki, Kenya. The latitude of the Earth's equator is, by definition, 0° (zero degrees) of arc.The equator is one of the five notable circles of latitude on Earth; the other four are the two polar circles (the Arctic Circle and the Antarctic Circle) and the two tropical circles (the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn).

  7. Geodetic coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodetic_coordinates

    Longitude measures the rotational angle between the zero meridian and the measured point. By convention for the Earth, Moon and Sun, it is expressed in degrees ranging from −180° to +180°. For other bodies a range of 0° to 360° is used. For this purpose, it is necessary to identify a zero meridian, which for Earth is usually the Prime ...

  8. Geographic coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system

    The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the Equator, the fundamental plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The Equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The longitude λ of a point on Earth's surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian

  9. Longitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitude

    Longitude is given as an angular measurement with 0° at the Prime Meridian, ranging from −180° westward to +180° eastward. The Greek letter λ (lambda) [38] [39] is used to denote the location of a place on Earth east or west of the Prime Meridian. Each degree of longitude is sub-divided into 60 minutes, each of which is divided into 60 ...