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The ORF Finder (Open Reading Frame Finder) [16] is a graphical analysis tool which finds all open reading frames of a selectable minimum size in a user's sequence or in a sequence already in the database. This tool identifies all open reading frames using the standard or alternative genetic codes.
An open reading frame (ORF) is a reading frame that has the potential to be transcribed into RNA and translated into protein. It requires a continuous sequence of DNA which may include a start codon, through a subsequent region which has a length that is a multiple of 3 nucleotides, to a stop codon in the same reading frame.
An upstream open reading frame (uORF) is an open reading frame (ORF) within the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of an mRNA. uORFs can regulate eukaryotic gene expression. [1] [2] Translation of the uORF typically inhibits downstream expression of the primary ORF. However, in some genes such as yeast GCN4, translation of specific uORFs may ...
ORF1a is the first open reading frame at the 5' end of the genome. Together ORF1ab occupies about two thirds of the genome, with the remaining third at the 3' end encoding the structural proteins and accessory proteins. [1] [2] [3] It is translated from a 5' capped RNA by cap-dependent translation. [1]
The "open" means that there is no stop codon encoded in the frame. The earliest citation I can find is that an open reading frame is "a long run of amino acid codons before the appearance of a terminator codon" R.F. Doolittle, Of URFs and ORFs, 1986; a start codon is not required for the
Slippery sequences can potentially make the reading ribosome "slip" and skip a number of nucleotides (usually only 1) and read a completely different frame thereafter. In programmed −1 ribosomal frameshifting, the slippery sequence fits a X_XXY_YYH motif, where XXX is any three identical nucleotides (though some exceptions occur), YYY ...
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Chromosome 4 with gene C4orf50 marked. The C4orf50 gene is on chromosome 4 at position 4p16.2 and is located on the minus strand. [1] [3] The gene's longest isoform consists of 11 exons, a coding sequence of 6370 nucleotides, and an upstream in-frame stop codon. [4]