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The American Voter, published in 1960, is a seminal study of voting behavior in the United States, authored by Angus Campbell, Philip Converse, Warren Miller, and Donald E. Stokes, colleagues at the University of Michigan.
For many years, voter turnout was reported as a percentage; the numerator being the total votes cast, or the votes cast for the highest office, and the denominator being the Voting Age Population (VAP), the Census Bureau's estimate of the number of persons 18 years old and older resident in the United States.
Voting behavior refers to how people decide how to vote. [1] This decision is shaped by a complex interplay between an individual voter's attitudes as well as social factors. [ 1 ] Voter attitudes include characteristics such as ideological predisposition , party identity , degree of satisfaction with the existing government, public policy ...
The ballot order effect refers to the effect of voting behavior based on the placement of candidates’ names on an election ballot. Candidates who are listed first often receive a small but statistically significant increase in votes compared to those listed in lower positions.
The American National Election Studies (ANES) are academically-run national surveys of voters in the United States, conducted before and after every presidential election. ...
The Michigan model is a theory of voter choice, based primarily on sociological and party identification factors. Originally proposed by political scientists, beginning with an investigation of the 1952 Presidential election, [1] at the University of Michigan's Survey Research Centre.
The hypothesis was formulated during early research into voting behavior between the 1940s and the 1960s, and this period formed the initial "minimum effects" era in the United States. [1] The hypothesis seemed solid and was associated with the general assumption that voters had clear positions on issues and knew where candidates stood on these ...
The altruism theory of voting is a model of voter behavior which states that if citizens in a democracy have "social" preferences for the welfare of others, the extremely low probability of a single vote determining an election will be outweighed by the large cumulative benefits society will receive from the voter's preferred policy being enacted, such that it is rational for an “altruistic ...