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The cause of Severus' invasion of Caledonia (modern day Scotland) was a massive increase in raids and attacks on Roman Britain.This was possible because in 195 Clodius Albinus, the Roman Governor of Britain, had led most of the British legions into Gaul during his revolt against Severus.
Caledonia was a Spanish vessel that the British captured in 1804 and that new owners renamed. She made two complete voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. In 1809 she disappeared from online records.
The brief Roman invasion of Caledonia (208–211) The most notable later expedition was in 209 when the emperor Septimius Severus, claiming to be provoked by the belligerence of the Maeatae tribe, campaigned against the Caledonian Confederacy, a coalition of Brittonic Pictish [57] tribes of the north of Britain. He used the three legions of the ...
Caledonia (1797 ship) was launched in 1780 in Spain, almost certainly under another name. She apparently was taken in prize circa 1797. Caledonia made one voyage to the Caribbean and then under a subsequent owner made five voyages as a whaler in the Southern Whale Fishery. She may then have become a transport, but though listed in the ...
Severus, accordingly, desiring to subjugate the whole of it, invaded Caledonia. But as he advanced through the country he experienced countless hardships in cutting down the forests, levelling the heights, filling up the swamps, and bridging the rivers; but he fought no battle and beheld no enemy in battle array.
Caledonia proved to be a very successful ship, and it was said that 'This fine three-decker rides easy at her anchors, carries her lee ports well, rolls and pitches quite easy, generally carries her helm half a turn a-weather, steers, works and stays remarkably well, is a weatherly ship, and lies-to very close.'
The original speed of the ship was between 6 and 8 knots. Caledonia was the largest steamer built on the Clyde at the time and only one of the earlier ships had used the system with two engines. The registration papers from July 1816 listed a number of owners, cooperating via the Caledonia Steam Boat Company.
The ship was ordered by the Anchor Line from Alexander Stephen and Sons. She was laid down in February 1920 and launched on 21 April 1925. Her sister ships were the SS California and the RMS Transylvania. On 3 October 1925, she departed on her maiden voyage on the Glasgow to New York route. In March 1936 the ship's accommodation was changed ...