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Dominant seventh chords are often built on the fifth scale degree (or dominant) of a key. For instance, in the C major scale, G is the fifth note of the scale, and the seventh chord built on G is the dominant seventh chord, G 7 (shown above). In this chord, F is a minor seventh above G.
The major seventh chord, sometimes also called a Delta chord, can be written as maj 7, M 7, Δ, ⑦, etc. The "7" does not have to be superscripted, but if it is, then any alterations, added tones, or omissions are usually also superscripted. For example, the major seventh chord built on C, commonly written as Cmaj 7, has pitches C–E–G–B:
The most common chords are tertian, constructed using a sequence of major thirds (spanning 4 semitones) and/or minor thirds (3 semitones). Since there are 3 third intervals in a seventh chord (4 notes) and each can be major or minor, there are 7 possible permutations (the 8th one, consisted of four major thirds, results in a non-seventh augmented chord, since a major third equally divides the ...
In music, the dominant 7 ♯ 9 chord [1] ("dominant seven sharp nine" or "dominant seven sharp ninth") is a chord built by combining a dominant seventh, which includes a major third above the root, with an augmented second, which is the same pitch, albeit given a different note name, as the minor third degree above the root.
Harmonic minor contains seven types of seventh chords: a minor major seventh chord (i m(maj7)), a half-diminished seventh chord (ii m7(−5)), an augmented major seventh chord (III aug(maj7)), a minor seventh chord (iv m7), a dominant seventh chord (V 7), a major seventh chord (VI maj7), and a diminished seventh chord (vii dim7).
The chord a minor third above, ♭ VII 7, may be substituted for the dominant, and may be preceded by its ii: iv 7. [16] Due to common use the two chords of the backdoor progression (IV 7-♭ VII 7) may be substituted for the dominant chord. [11] In C major the dominant would be G7: GBDF, sharing two common tones with B ♭ 7: B ♭ DFA ♭.
Put another way, it is the key whose tonic is the dominant scale degree in the main key. [8] If, for example, a piece is written in the key of C major, then the tonic key is C major and the dominant key is G major since G is the dominant note in C major. [9] "Essentially, there are two harmonic directions: toward I and toward V.
Using the V7 or V chord (V dominant 7, or V major) is typical of most jazz and pop music regardless of whether the key is major or minor. Though the V chord is not diatonic to a minor scale, using it in a minor key is not usually considered "borrowing," given its prevalence in these styles.