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The punishment of Birching and cat o' nine tails continued to be used in Northern Ireland into the 1940s. [7] The Isle of Man caused a good deal of controversy by continuing to birch young offenders until 1976. [8] [9] The birch was also used on offending teenage boys until the mid-1960s on the Channel Islands of Guernsey and Jersey.
Articles relating to the domestic donkey (Equus africanus asinus). It is a hoofed mammal in the family Equidae, the same family as the horse. It derives from the African wild ass, Equus africanus. It was domesticated in Africa some 5000–7000 years ago,and has been used mainly as a working animal since that time.
It is a large donkey breed with a very long shaggy coat and no dorsal stripe: Benderi: Iran: Biyang: China: Bourik: Haiti: Brasil: Venezuela: Bulgaro: Venezuela: Bulgarian donkey: Bulgaria: Burro: Mexico, Nicaragua, United States: small donkey of Mexico and the U.S. seen in both domesticated and feral states; some feral burros in the western U ...
An adult male donkey is a jack or jackass, an adult female is a jenny or jennet, [4] [5] [6] and an immature donkey of either sex is a foal. [6] Jacks are often mated with female horses (mares) to produce mules ; the less common hybrid of a male horse (stallion) and jenny is a hinny .
The Fariñeiro is smaller than other mainland Spanish donkey breeds; it stands about 1.00-1.20 metres at the withers and weighs 120–180 kg. The coat is fine, dense and smooth, of medium length; it is grey or pale brown in colour, and paler on the underparts. The darker dorsal stripe and shoulder-stripe may be more or less distinct. [3]
The donkey is referenced by the philosopher Jean Buridan in his parable of Buridan's Donkey, illustrating the difficulty of deciding. [7] [8] Although the donkey in question was, according to Pastoureau, purely symbolic and never existed outside of a verbal jousting, this paradox illustrates the proverbial stupidity of the animal. [9]
A miniature donkey and a standard donkey, mother and daughter. North American donkeys constitute approximately 0.1% of the worldwide donkey population. [1] [a] Donkeys were first transported from Europe to the New World in the fifteenth century during the Second Voyage of Christopher Columbus, [2]: 179 and subsequently spread south and west into the lands that would become México. [3]
Pillories were a common form of punishment.. Public humiliation exists in many forms. In general, a criminal sentenced to one of many forms of this punishment could expect themselves be placed (restrained) in a central, public, or open location so that their fellow citizens could easily witness the sentence and, in some cases, participate as a form of "mob justice".