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The laboratory value measures the freezing point depression, properly called osmolality while the calculated value is given in units of osmolarity. Even though these values are presented in different units, when there is a small amount of solute compared to total volume of solution, the absolute values of osmolality vs. osmolarity are very close.
When a measure of serum solutes is calculated, it is often done in units of osmolarity. While it is possible to convert between osmolality and osmolarity, [6] thereby deriving a more mathematically correct osmol gap calculation, in actual clinical practice this is not done. This is because the difference in absolute value of these two ...
Osmotic concentration, formerly known as osmolarity, [1] is the measure of solute concentration, defined as the number of osmoles (Osm) of solute per litre (L) of solution (osmol/L or Osm/L). The osmolarity of a solution is usually expressed as Osm/L (pronounced "osmolar"), in the same way that the molarity of a solution is expressed as "M ...
where is the chemical potential of the pure solvent and is the chemical potential of the solvent in a solution, M A is its molar mass, x A its mole fraction, R the gas constant and T the temperature in Kelvin. [1] The latter osmotic coefficient is sometimes called the rational osmotic coefficient. The values for the two definitions are ...
Depiction of a red blood cell in an isotonic solution. A solution is isotonic when its effective osmole concentration is the same as that of another solution. In biology, the solutions on either side of a cell membrane are isotonic if the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell.
Osmoregulation is the active regulation of the osmotic pressure of an organism's body fluids, detected by osmoreceptors, to maintain the homeostasis of the organism's water content; that is, it maintains the fluid balance and the concentration of electrolytes (salts in solution which in this case is represented by body fluid) to keep the body fluids from becoming too diluted or concentrated.
1. To calculate an estimation, the total amount of substance in the body before the loss is first estimated: = where: n b = Total amount of substance before fluid loss; Osm b = Body osmolarity before loss (almost equal to plasma osmolality of 275-299 milli-osmoles per kilogram [4])
The osmometer uses the solution's freezing point depression to establish its strength. It is also used to determine the level of osmotically appropriate body fluid in various chemicals dissolved in the blood using the relationship in which a mole of dissolved substance reduces the freezing point of a kilogram of water by 1.86 °C (35.35 °F). [1]