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Loop diuretics are pharmacological agents that primarily inhibit the Na-K-Cl cotransporter located on the luminal membrane of cells along the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. [4] They are often used for the treatment of hypertension and edema secondary to congestive heart failure , liver cirrhosis , or chronic kidney disease .
Thiazide diuretics (e.g. hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, chlorthiazide) – may be useful for mild CHF, but typically used in severe CHF in combination with loop diuretics, resulting in a synergistic effect. Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g. amiloride) – used first-line use to correct hypokalaemia.
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The participants in the highest loop diuretic dose category lost 6.9% of their body weight on average. ... compare their use of diuretics to see if there’s a benefit that’s independent of the ...
The thiazide diuretics also deplete circulating potassium unless combined with a potassium-sparing diuretic or supplemental potassium. Some authors have challenged thiazides as first line treatment. [55] [56] [57] However, as the Merck Manual of Geriatrics notes, "thiazide-type diuretics are especially safe and effective in the elderly." [58]
The antihypertensive actions of some diuretics (thiazides and loop diuretics in particular) are independent of their diuretic effect. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] That is, the reduction in blood pressure is not due to decreased blood volume resulting from increased urine production , but occurs through other mechanisms and at lower doses than that required to ...
Bumetanide is a loop diuretic and works by decreasing the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys. The main difference between bumetanide and furosemide is in their bioavailability and potency. About 60% of furosemide is absorbed in the intestine, and there are substantial inter- and intraindividual differences in bioavailability (range 10-90%).
Metolazone and a loop diuretic will synergistically enhance diuresis over the use of either agent alone. Using this combination, diuretic effects will occur at two different segments of the nephron; namely, the loop diuretic will act at the loop of Henle, and metolazone will act at the distal convoluted tubule. Metolazone is frequently ...