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The lower part of the external hemorrhoidal plexus is drained by the inferior rectal veins (or inferior hemorrhoidal veins) into the internal pudendal vein. Veins superior to the middle rectal vein in the colon and rectum drain via the portal system to the liver. Veins inferior, and including, the middle rectal vein drain into systemic ...
The rectal venous plexus consists of an external rectal plexus [4]: 598 [5]: 294 that is situated outside to the muscular wall, [3] [4]: 598 [5]: 294 and an internal rectal plexus [4]: 598 [5]: 294 that is situated in the submucosa [5]: 294 /deep to the mucosa [3] [4]: 598 of the rectum and proximal anal canal [3] at the anorectal junction.
middle and inferior rectal arteries Vein: superior rectal vein draining into the inferior mesenteric vein and subsequently the hepatic portal system: middle and inferior rectal veins Hemorrhoids classification: internal hemorrhoids (not painful) external hemorrhoids (painful) Nerves: inferior hypogastric plexus: pudendal nerves
supplied by the inferior rectal artery (a branch of the internal pudendal artery) The anal verge refers to the distal end of the anal canal, a transitional zone between the epithelium of the anal canal and the perianal skin. It should not be confused with the pectinate line between the upper and lower zones within the anal canal.
Anorectal varices are collateral submucosal blood vessels dilated by backflow in the veins of the rectum. [1] Typically this occurs due to portal hypertension which shunts venous blood from the portal system through the portosystemic anastomosis present at this site into the systemic venous system .
The inferior rectal artery arises from the internal pudendal artery as it passes above the ischial tuberosity.. Piercing the wall of the pudendal canal, it divides into two or three branches which cross the ischioanal fossa, and are distributed to the muscles and integument of the anal region, and send offshoots around the lower edge of the gluteus maximus to the skin of the buttock.
The superior rectal artery is the continuation of the inferior mesenteric artery. It descends into the pelvis between the layers of the mesentery of the sigmoid colon, crossing the left common iliac artery and vein. It divides, opposite the third sacral vertebra into two branches, which descend one on either side of the rectum.
The inferior mesenteric vein begins in the rectum as the superior rectal vein (superior hemorrhoidal vein), which has its origin in the hemorrhoidal plexus, and through this plexus communicates with the middle and inferior hemorrhoidal veins.