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Structural formula of cellulose diacetate. The chemical formula shows a section of cellulose with two acetyl groups per glucose module. In biochemistry, cellulose acetate refers to any acetate ester of cellulose, usually cellulose diacetate. It was first prepared in 1865.
The chemical formula of cellulose is (C 6 H 10 O 5) n where n is the degree of polymerization and represents the number of glucose groups. [ 21 ] Plant-derived cellulose is usually found in a mixture with hemicellulose , lignin , pectin and other substances, while bacterial cellulose is quite pure, has a much higher water content and higher ...
An acetate is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with a base (e.g. alkaline, earthy, metallic, nonmetallic or radical base). "Acetate" also describes the conjugate base or ion (specifically, the negatively charged ion called an anion) typically found in aqueous solution and written with the chemical formula C 2 H 3 O − 2.
Cellulose triacetate, triacetate, CTA or TAC is a chemical compound produced from cellulose and a source of acetate esters, typically acetic anhydride. Triacetate is commonly used for the creation of fibres and film base .
The most common way to prepare cellulose acetate phthalate consists of the reaction of a partially substituted cellulose acetate (CA) with phthalic anhydride in the presence of an organic solvent and a basic catalyst. The organic solvents widely used as reaction media for the phthaloylation of cellulose acetate are acetic acid, acetone, or ...
Cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate were introduced in the 1930s, and cellulose triacetate in the late 1940s. Acetate films were later replaced by polyester bases. The motion picture industry continued to use cellulose nitrate supports until the introduction of cellulose triacetate in 1948, which met the rigorous safety ...
Cellulose acetate shares many traits with viscose rayon and was formerly considered the same textile. However, rayon resists heat, while acetate is prone to melting. Acetate must be laundered with care either by hand-washing or dry cleaning, and acetate garments disintegrate when heated in a tumble dryer.
In the context of acid–base reactions, the abbreviation HAc is sometimes used, [12] where Ac in this case is a symbol for acetate (rather than acetyl). The carboxymethyl functional group derived from removing one hydrogen from the methyl group of acetic acid has the chemical formula −CH 2 −C(=O)−OH.