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  2. Lignin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignin

    Higher quality lignin presents the potential to become a renewable source of aromatic compounds for the chemical industry, with an addressable market of more than $130bn. [ 26 ] Given that it is the most prevalent biopolymer after cellulose , lignin has been investigated as a feedstock for biofuel production and can become a crucial plant ...

  3. Lignosulfonates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignosulfonates

    Kraft lignin from black liquor, which is produced in much higher amounts, may be processed into sulfonated lignin. The lignin is first precipitated by acidifying the liquor with CO 2 then washed (other methods for isolation exist). Reaction with sodium sulfite or sodium bisulfite and an aldehyde under a basic environment completes sulfonation.

  4. Guaiacol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guaiacol

    Guaiacol (/ ˈ ɡ w aɪ ə k ɒ l /) is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 4 (OH)(OCH 3). It is a phenolic compound containing a methoxy functional group. Guaiacol appears as a viscous colorless oil, although aged or impure samples are often yellowish. It occurs widely in nature and is a common product of the pyrolysis of wood. [3]

  5. Lignin characterization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignin_characterization

    The term "lignin characterization" (or "lignin analysis") refers to a group of activities within lignin research aiming at describing the characteristics of a lignin by determination of its most important properties. [1] Most often, this term is used to describe the characterization of technical lignins by means of chemical or thermo-chemical ...

  6. Cellulose fiber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose_fiber

    The major constituents of natural fibers (lignocelluloses) are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin and ash. The percentage of each component varies for each different type of fiber, however, generally, are around 60-80% cellulose, 5–20% lignin, and 20% of moisture, besides hemicellulose and a small percent of residual chemical components.

  7. Coniferyl alcohol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coniferyl_alcohol

    Coniferyl alcohol is an organic compound with the formula HO(CH 3 O)C 6 H 3 CH=CHCH 2 OH. A colourless or white solid, it is one of the monolignols, produced via the phenylpropanoid biochemical pathway. When copolymerized with related aromatic compounds, coniferyl alcohol forms lignin or lignans. [1] [2] [3] Coniferin is a glucoside of ...

  8. Coniferyl aldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coniferyl_aldehyde

    Coniferyl aldehyde is an organic compound with the formula HO(CH 3 O)C 6 H 3 CH=CHCHO. It is a derivative of cinnamaldehyde, featuring 4-hydroxy and 3-methoxy substituents. It is a major precursor to lignin. [1] [2]

  9. Wood - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood

    Chemical structure of lignin, which makes up about 25% of wood dry matter and is responsible for many of its properties. The chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium , potassium , sodium , magnesium , iron , and ...

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