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James, second surviving son of King Charles I and his wife, Henrietta Maria of France, was born at St James's Palace in London on 14 October 1633. [7] Later that same year, he was baptized by William Laud, the Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury. [8]
The History of England from the Accession of James the Second (1848) is the full title of the five-volume work by Lord Macaulay (1800–1859) more generally known as The History of England. It covers the 17-year period from 1685 to 1702, encompassing the reign of James II , the Glorious Revolution , the coregency of William III and Mary II ...
On the day that James II fled the country, 23 December 1688, the line of succession to the English and Scottish thrones was: James, Prince of Wales (born 1688), James II's only surviving son; Mary, Princess of Orange (born 1662), James II's first daughter; Princess Anne of Denmark and Norway (born 1665), James II's second daughter
James Francis Edward Stuart was born on 10 June 1688, at St. James's Palace, first and only son of James II of England and his second wife, Mary of Modena, both Catholics. [1] As the eldest surviving son of the reigning monarch he was automatically Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay at birth, and was created Prince of Wales in July 1688.
Portrait of James when Duke of York in 1684, by Godfrey Kneller. Mary of Modena in c. 1687 after her coronation as queen consort, a portrait by Godfrey Kneller.. James's predecessor and elder brother, King Charles II, had come to the throne in the 1660 Stuart Restoration, which followed the English Civil Wars, the execution of Charles I and the five year republic known as The Protectorate.
The Declaration of Indulgence, also called Declaration for Liberty of Conscience, [1] was a pair of proclamations made by James II of England and Ireland and VII of Scotland in 1687. The Indulgence was first issued for Scotland on 12 February and then for England on 4 April 1687. [2]
Ever since the Glorious Revolution of 1688, the Whigs had appealed to that event as a great deliverance from the attempt by James II to set up an absolute monarchy.Fox (who was James' great-great-great nephew) was a staunch Whig and believed that his conflict with George III was similar to that between the Whigs of the late seventeenth century and James II.
James's nickname, Fiery Face, referred to a conspicuous vermilion birthmark on his face, which appears to have been deemed by contemporaries an outward sign of a fiery temper. [4] James was a politic and singularly successful king. He was popular with the commoners, with whom, like most of the Stewarts, he socialised often, in times of peace ...