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  2. Twaddell scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twaddell_scale

    The Twaddell scale is a hydrometer scale for reporting the measured specific gravity of a liquid relative to water. On this scale, a specific gravity of 1.000 is reported as 0, and 2.000 reports as 200. [1]

  3. Hydrometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrometer

    The hydrometer sinks deeper in low-density liquids such as kerosene, gasoline, and alcohol, and less deep in high-density liquids such as brine, milk, and acids. It is usual for hydrometers to be used with dense liquids to have the mark 1.000 (for water) near the top of the stem, and those for use with lighter liquids to have 1.000 near the bottom.

  4. Fahrenheit hydrometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrenheit_hydrometer

    The hydrometer is then removed, wiped dry, and placed in the liquid whose density is to be determined. A weight (x) sufficient to sink the hydrometer to the same marked point is placed in the pan. The density (D) of the second liquid is then given by D = (W + x) / (W + w). [1] The Fahrenheit hydrometer can be made of either glass or metal.

  5. Baumé scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumé_scale

    The Baumé scale is a pair of hydrometer scales developed by French pharmacist Antoine Baumé in 1768 to measure density of various liquids. The unit of the Baumé scale has been notated variously as degrees Baumé, B°, Bé° and simply Baumé (the accent is not always present). One scale measures the density of liquids heavier than water and ...

  6. API gravity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/API_gravity

    The hydrometer method is a standard technique for directly measuring API gravity of petroleum and petroleum products. [5] This method is based on the principle of buoyancy and utilizes a specially calibrated hydrometer to determine the API gravity of a liquid sample. [6] The procedure typically involves the following steps:

  7. Elon Musk pay defeat sets up a 2025 legal battle that could ...

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    Click here for in-depth analysis of the latest stock market news and events moving stock prices. Read the latest financial and business news from Yahoo Finance. Show comments. Advertisement.

  8. Trump to discuss ending childhood vaccination programs with ...

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    (Reuters) - U.S. President-elect Donald Trump in an interview published on Thursday said he will be talking to Robert F. Kennedy Jr., his nominee to run the Department of Health and Human Services ...

  9. Soil texture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_texture

    Sand particles sink to the bottom of the cylinder first. Silt particles sink to the bottom of the cylinder after the sand. Clay particles separate out above the silt layer. Measurements are taken using a soil hydrometer. A soil hydrometer measures the relative density of liquids (density of a liquid compared to the density of water).