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  2. Aquifer test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquifer_test

    where s is the drawdown (change in hydraulic head at a point since the beginning of the test in units of distance), u is a dimensionless parameter, Q is the discharge (pumping) rate of the well (volume per unit time), T and S are the transmissivity and storativity of the aquifer around the well (distance squared per unit time and dimensionless ...

  3. Well test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Well_test

    In hydrology, a well test is conducted to evaluate the amount of water that can be pumped from a particular water well.More specifically, a well test will allow prediction of the maximum rate at which water can be pumped from a well, and the distance that the water level in the well will fall for a given pumping rate and duration of pumping.

  4. Drawdown (hydrology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawdown_(hydrology)

    Aquifer test (or a pumping test) is a field experiment in which a well is pumped at a controlled rate and the aquifer's response (drawdown) is measured in one or more observation wells. [5] Cone of depression is a conically-shaped depression that is produced in a water table as a result of pumping water from a well at a given rate. [4]

  5. Oil well control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_well_control

    Slow pump pressure is the circulating pressure (pressure used to pump fluid through the whole active fluid system, including the borehole and all the surface tanks that constitute the primary system during drilling) at a reduced rate. SPP is very important during a well kill operation in which circulation (a process in which drilling fluid is ...

  6. Philadelphia Water Department - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philadelphia_Water_Department

    Construction of the Mill Creek Sewer in West Philadelphia, ca. 1883. The Philadelphia Water Department has been providing water to citizens since 1801, when, in the aftermath of a series of devastating yellow fever epidemics that killed thousands of people, the City decided a source of water was needed to cleanse the streets, fight fires, and perform household chores.

  7. Fracking proppants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracking_proppants

    In addition, fluids may be used in low-volume well stimulation of high-permeability sandstone wells (20 to 80 thousand US gallons (76 to 303 kl) per well) to the high-volume operations such as shale gas and tight gas that use millions of gallons of water per well.

  8. Drilling fluid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_fluid

    When adequate pumping force is applied to "break the gel," flow resumes and the fluid returns to its free-flowing state. Many other chemicals (e.g. potassium formate) are added to a WBM system to achieve desired effects, including: viscosity control, shale stability, enhance drilling rate of penetration, and cooling and lubricating of equipment.

  9. Groundwater - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 24 December 2024. Water located beneath the ground surface An illustration showing groundwater in aquifers (in blue) (1, 5 and 6) below the water table (4), and three different wells (7, 8 and 9) dug to reach it. Groundwater is the water present beneath Earth's surface in rock and soil pore spaces and in ...