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A siphon is an anatomical structure which is part of the body of aquatic molluscs in three classes: Gastropoda, Bivalvia and Cephalopoda (members of these classes include saltwater and freshwater snails, clams, octopus, squid and relatives). Siphons in molluscs are tube-like structures in which water (or, more rarely, air) flows.
Squid can expel up to 94% of the fluid within their cavity in a single jet thrust. [68] To accommodate the rapid changes in water intake and expulsion, the orifices are highly flexible and can change their size by a factor of 20; the funnel radius, conversely, changes only by a factor of around 1.5.
The funnel–mantle locking apparatus is a structure found in many cephalopods that connects the mantle and hyponome (funnel) and restricts their movement relative to each other. [1] It consists of two interlocking components: one located on the mantle (often fibrous) and the other on the funnel (often cartilaginous ). [ 1 ]
To escape a predator, the funnel is directed forwards and the squid shoots backwards at great speed. It can also emit a cloud of ink to distract the predator. [7] Eggs are deposited in a gelatinous capsule attached to the sea bed. [2] The large-yolked eggs hatch into fully formed miniature versions of the parent squid. [7]
Asperoteuthis acanthoderma, the thorny whiplash squid, is a large species of squid belonging to the family Chiroteuthidae. It is characterised by the tiny, pointed tubercules present on its skin and a Y-shaped groove in the funnel locking apparatus. [4]
Todarodes is a genus of flying squid from the subfamily Todarodinae, of which it is the type genus. [1] The genus contains five species which are partially allopatric but between them their distributions encompass most of the world's oceans and seas.
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Gladius, showing measurement of rachis and vane. The gladius (pl.: gladii), or pen, is a hard internal bodypart found in many cephalopods of the superorder Decapodiformes (particularly squids) and in a single extant member of the Octopodiformes, the vampire squid (Vampyroteuthis infernalis). [1]