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Most vitamins are not single molecules, but groups of related molecules called vitamers. For example, there are eight vitamers of vitamin E: four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. The term vitamin does not include the three other groups of essential nutrients: minerals, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids. [2]
Book V: Minerals, description of melanterite (50 AD) and chalcanthite (70 AD). Naturalis Historia [The Natural History]: (77 AD) of Gaius Plinius Secundus (Pliny the Elder, 23 AD – 25 August 79 AD). Volumes: liber xxxv (alumen); liber xxxvi (limestone); liber xxxvii [Book XXXVII – The Natural History of Precious Stones] (augites).
Some "minerals" are essential for life, but most are not. [1] [2] [3] Minerals are one of the four groups of essential nutrients; the others are vitamins, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids. [4] The five major minerals in the human body are calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and magnesium. [2]
The essential nutrient minerals for humans, listed in order by weight needed to be at the Recommended Dietary Allowance or Adequate Intake are potassium, chlorine, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, iodine, chromium, molybdenum, selenium and cobalt (the last as a component of vitamin B 12). There are other ...
Vitamins and minerals are essential to the proper functioning and maintenance of the human body. [113] There are 20 trace elements and minerals that are essential in small quantities to body function and overall human health. [113] Iron deficiency is the most common inadequate nutrient worldwide, affecting approximately 2 billion people. [114]
A healthy diet improves the physical and mental health of an organism. This requires ingestion and absorption of vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids from protein and essential fatty acids from fat-containing food. Carbohydrates, protein and fat play major roles in ensuring the quality of life, health and longevity of the organism. [10]
When you buy a bottle of vitamins from a nutrition store, you’ll probably notice a best-by date on the bottom of the jar. But that inscribed number isn’t a hard-and-fast rule—there is some ...
A catalog of the minerals that were formed during the Hadean Eon includes clay minerals and iron and nickel sulfides, including mackinawite and greigite; but borates and molybdates were unlikely. [6] [34] [35] Minerals may also have been necessary to the survival of early life. For example, quartz is more transparent than other minerals in ...