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  2. Hidden Markov model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden_Markov_model

    A hidden Markov model (HMM) is a Markov model in which the observations are dependent on a latent (or hidden) Markov process (referred to as ).An HMM requires that there be an observable process whose outcomes depend on the outcomes of in a known way.

  3. Markov model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov_model

    A hidden Markov model is a Markov chain for which the state is only partially observable or noisily observable. In other words, observations are related to the state of the system, but they are typically insufficient to precisely determine the state. Several well-known algorithms for hidden Markov models exist.

  4. Category:Hidden Markov models - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Hidden_Markov_models

    Layered hidden Markov model This page was last edited on 30 March 2013, at 04:46 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 ...

  5. Hidden Markov random field - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden_Markov_random_field

    In statistics, a hidden Markov random field is a generalization of a hidden Markov model. Instead of having an underlying Markov chain, hidden Markov random fields have an underlying Markov random field. Suppose that we observe a random variable , where .

  6. Baum–Welch algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baum–Welch_algorithm

    A hidden Markov model describes the joint probability of a collection of "hidden" and observed discrete random variables.It relies on the assumption that the i-th hidden variable given the (i − 1)-th hidden variable is independent of previous hidden variables, and the current observation variables depend only on the current hidden state.

  7. Forward algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_algorithm

    The forward algorithm, in the context of a hidden Markov model (HMM), is used to calculate a 'belief state': the probability of a state at a certain time, given the history of evidence. The process is also known as filtering .

  8. Prisoners of Profit - The Huffington Post

    projects.huffingtonpost.com/projects/prisoners...

    In a letter to YSI sent in summer 2012, the state told the company that the contract would end because the DJJ was “moving away from large institutional models” and toward smaller, community-based programs. Still, the letter added, “We strongly encourage your participation” in an upcoming bid for new contracts.

  9. Hierarchical hidden Markov model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_hidden_Markov...

    The hierarchical hidden Markov model (HHMM) is a statistical model derived from the hidden Markov model (HMM). In an HHMM, each state is considered to be a self-contained probabilistic model. More precisely, each state of the HHMM is itself an HHMM. HHMMs and HMMs are useful in many fields, including pattern recognition. [1] [2]