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The value 75.4 = 24 π, where 24 π substitutes for factor of 12 π in the formula for a volume of frustum of a cone encompassing a full tree using one base circumference, converting it to a volume formula that uses a basal circumference that is the average of circumferences C 1 and C 2.
Strike and dip are measured in the field using a compass and with a clinometer. A compass is used to measure the azimuth of the strike, and the clinometer measures inclination of the dip. [2] Dr. E. Clar first described the modern compass-clinometer in 1954, and some continue to be referred to as Clar compasses. [10]
A second method uses a clinometer and a tape and is commonly employed in the forestry industry. [14] This process applies the trigonometric tangent function. In this process the horizontal distance is measured to the trunk of a tree from a sighting position. The angle to the top of the tree is measured with the clinometer.
The clinometer and tape method, or the tangent method, is commonly used in the forestry industry to measure log length. [15] [16] Some clinometers are hand held devices used to measure angles of slopes. The user can sight to the top of a tree using such a clinometer and read the angle to the top using a scale in the instrument.
An inclinometer or clinometer is an instrument used for measuring angles of slope, elevation, or depression of an object with respect to gravity's direction. It is also known as a tilt indicator , tilt sensor , tilt meter , slope alert , slope gauge , gradient meter , gradiometer , level gauge , level meter , declinometer , and pitch & roll ...
American Forests, for example, uses a formula to calculate Big Tree Points as part of their Big Tree Program [3] that awards a tree 1 point for each foot of height, 1 point for each inch of girth, and 1 / 4 point for each foot of crown spread. The tree whose point total is the highest for that species is crowned as the champion in their ...
A back-sight compass reading that is different by 180 degrees and a clinometer reading that is the same value but with the reverse direction (positive rather than negative, for example) indicates that the original measurement was accurate.
The slope field can be defined for the following type of differential equations ′ = (,), which can be interpreted geometrically as giving the slope of the tangent to the graph of the differential equation's solution (integral curve) at each point (x, y) as a function of the point coordinates.
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