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The company was founded in 1790 by Joseph Hardtmuth (1758–1816) of Austria.In 1802, the company patented the first pencil lead made from a combination of kaolin and graphite.
Until that time, whole pieces, cut from graphite, were glued in between wood and were imported from England. With the new method, graphite of inferior quality could be used in pencil manufacturing, lowering the price and making the product more accessible for the masses. His company Koh-i-Noor Hardtmuth still exists.
This method of manufacture, which had been earlier discovered by the Austrian Joseph Hardtmuth, the founder of the Koh-I-Noor in 1790, remains in use. In 1802, the production of graphite leads from graphite and clay was patented by the Koh-I-Noor company in Vienna. [24] In England, pencils continued to be made from whole sawn graphite.
The Koh-i-Noor diamond then went to legendary jewelry lover Queen Mary, who, true to form, had court jeweler Garrard stud her Art Deco-inspired coronation masterpiece with not only this 105.6 ...
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The history of how the Koh-i-noor diamond, one of the largest-cut in the world, came to be part of the British Crown Jewels has long been fraught with controversy.It was seized by the East India ...
From there the East India Company agents prepared the Koh-i-Noor for shipment to the British court. Passage to England. John Spencer Login, a British diplomat in India, adopted Duleep Singh to be raised with his wife and family in India. Duleep Singh's mother was exiled to Nepal. Dalhousie organized the shipping of the Koh-i-Noor by boat to ...
The presentation of the Koh-i-Noor by the East India Company to the queen was the latest in a long history of transfers of the diamond as a coveted spoil of war. [49] Duleep Singh had been placed in the guardianship of Dr John Spencer Login, a surgeon in the East India Company Army serving in the Presidency of Bengal. Duleep Singh moved to ...
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