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Augustine of Hippo (/ ɔː ˈ ɡ ʌ s t ɪ n / aw-GUST-in, US also / ˈ ɔː ɡ ə s t iː n / AW-gə-steen; [22] Latin: Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis; 13 November 354 – 28 August 430), [23] also known as Saint Augustine, was a theologian and philosopher of Berber origin and the bishop of Hippo Regius in Numidia, Roman North Africa.
Confessions is generally considered one of Augustine's most important texts. It is widely seen as the first Western autobiography ever written [ citation needed ] ( Ovid had invented the genre at the start of the first century AD with his Tristia ) and was an influential model for Christian writers throughout the Middle Ages .
Saint Augustin et l'écriture polyphonique. Citations classiques et genèse de la pensée dans la Cité de Dieu. Turnhout: Brepols, ISBN 9782851213280 (see the English summary in the Review by James J. O'Donnell at Bryn Mawr Classical Review). Wetzel, James (2012). Augustine's City of God: A Critical Guide. Cambridge University Press.
Augustine (1994). The Works of Saint Augustine: A New Translation for the 21st Century. Translated by Hill, Edmund. Hyde Park, NY: New City Press. Bird, Benedict (2021). "The Development Of Augustine's Views On Free Will And Grace, And The Conflicting Claims To Consistency Therewith By John Owen And John Goodwin". Westminster Theological Journal.
The final section of Book Three is one of Augustine's late additions to the work (with Book Four), consisting of Tyconius's seven rules for interpreting scripture: The Lord and His Body, The Twofold Division of the Body of the Lord, The Promises and the Law (or The Spirit and the Letter), Species and Genus, Times, Recapitulation, and The Devil ...
Augustine offered the Divine command theory, a theory which proposes that an action's status as morally good is equivalent to whether it is commanded by God. [16] [17] Augustine's theory began by casting ethics as the pursuit of the supreme good, which delivers human happiness, Augustine argued that to achieve this happiness, humans must love objects that are worthy of human love in the ...
Augustine's argument continued, according to Niebuhr, by proposing that humans have a tendency to sin because of a biologically inherited nature and rejected the Pelagian view that human will could overcome sin on its own. [57] Niebuhr believed Augustine's argument placed sin in the human will, which was corrupted by Adam's original sin.
Augustine used various methods to resolve the contradictions he found. Some he resolved by pointing out historical information. For example, to those who wonder how Herod can be alive at Jesus' baptism when he died before Jesus returned from Egypt, Augustine pointed out that those were two different Herods, one of which is the son of the other.