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  2. Voiceless glottal fricative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_glottal_fricative

    The voiceless glottal fricative, sometimes called voiceless glottal transition or the aspirate, [1] [2] is a type of sound used in some spoken languages that patterns like a fricative or approximant consonant phonologically, but often lacks the usual phonetic characteristics of a consonant.

  3. Aspirated consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirated_consonant

    In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents.In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most South Asian languages and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.

  4. Glottalic theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glottalic_theory

    There are several problems with the traditional reconstruction. Firstly, the rarity of *b is odd from a typological point of view. If a single voiced stop is missing from a phoneme inventory (a 'gap'), it would normally be /ɡ/ that is missing (examples including Dutch, Ukrainian, Arabic, Thai, and Vietnamese); on the other hand, if a labial stop is missing, the voiceless /p/ is the most ...

  5. Dental and alveolar ejective stops - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_and_alveolar...

    The alveolar and dental ejective stops are types of consonantal sounds, usually described as voiceless, that are pronounced with a glottalic egressive airstream. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, ejectives are indicated with a "modifier letter apostrophe" ʼ , [1] as in this article.

  6. Preaspiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preaspiration

    Preaspiration is comparatively uncommon across languages of the world, [4] and is claimed by some to not be phonemically contrastive in any language. [5] Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996) note that, at least in the case of Icelandic, preaspirated stops have a longer duration of aspiration than normally aspirated (post-aspirated) stops, comparable to clusters of [h] +consonant in languages with such ...

  7. Allophone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophone

    Aspiration: In English, a voiceless plosive /p, t, k/ is aspirated (has a strong explosion of breath) if it is at the beginning of the first or a stressed syllable in a word. For example, [pʰ] as in pin and [p] as in spin are allophones for the phoneme /p/ because they cannot be used to distinguish words (in fact, they occur in complementary ...

  8. Voice (phonetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)

    English voiceless stops are generally aspirated at the beginning of a stressed syllable, and in the same context, their voiced counterparts are voiced only partway through. In more narrow phonetic transcription , the voiced symbols are maybe used only to represent the presence of articulatory voicing, and aspiration is represented with a ...

  9. Tenuis consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenuis_consonant

    In linguistics, a tenuis consonant (/ ˈ t ɛ n. j uː ɪ s / or / ˈ t ɛ n uː ɪ s /) [2] is an obstruent that is voiceless, unaspirated and unglottalized. In other words, it has the "plain" phonation of [p, t, ts, tʃ, k] with a voice onset time close to zero (a zero-VOT consonant), as Spanish p, t, ch, k or English p, t, k after s (spy ...