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  2. Pellagra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellagra

    Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B 3). [2] Symptoms include inflamed skin , diarrhea , dementia , and sores in the mouth. [ 1 ] Areas of the skin exposed to friction and radiation are typically affected first. [ 1 ]

  3. Vitamin deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_deficiency

    Deficiency causes pellagra, a reversible nutritional wasting disease characterized by four classic symptoms often referred to as the four Ds: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death. The dermatitis occurs on areas of skin exposed to sunlight, such as backs of hands and neck.

  4. Hartnup disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartnup_disease

    Pellagra, a similar condition, is also caused by low nicotinamide; this disorder results in dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. [citation needed] Hartnup disease is a disorder of amino acid transport in the intestine and kidneys; otherwise, the intestine and kidneys function normally, and the effects of the disease occur mainly in the brain and ...

  5. Vitamin B3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B3

    A disease that was characterized by dermatitis of sunlight-exposed skin was described in Spain in 1735 by Gaspar Casal. He attributed the cause to poor diet. [47] In northern Italy it was named pellagra from the Lombard language (agra = holly-like or serum-like; pell = skin). [48] [49] In time, the disease was more closely linked specifically ...

  6. Casal collar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casal_collar

    The Casal collar or Casal necklace is a medical sign in which there is a redness and darkening of the skin around the neck, seen in people with pellagra. [2] It becomes prominent following exposure to sun, and can be itchy with a burning feeling and pain. [1] It can blister and weep, and turn into thick dark skin, with a coppery hue. [1]

  7. Tom Douglas Spies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Douglas_Spies

    In the 1930s, he contributed significantly to finding a cure for pellagra, a nutritional disease that once afflicted millions in the American South. Later, he also made a large contribution to finding cure for tropical sprue. For his efforts in elimination of pellagra, Time Magazine named him as 1938 "Man of the Year" in comprehensive science. [1]

  8. Joseph Goldberger - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Goldberger

    Some physicians at the time believed that the disease arose in consequence of bad genes, airborne germs, or miasma resulting from poor sanitary conditions. [6] Goldberger's theory that pellagra was associated with diet contradicted the most widely accepted medical opinion that pellagra was an infectious disease.

  9. Grace Arabell Goldsmith - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Arabell_Goldsmith

    Goldsmith discovered the specific roles of dietary folic acid and vitamin B-12 and determined that niacin deficiency was the cause of pellagra. [ 3 ] Goldsmith was made Chairman of the Department of Nutrition and Dean of the Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine at Tulane University in 1967.