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Direct reduction processes can be divided roughly into two categories: gas-based and coal-based. In both cases, the objective of the process is to remove the oxygen contained in various forms of iron ore (sized ore, concentrates, pellets, mill scale, furnace dust, etc.) in order to convert the ore to metallic iron, without melting it (below 1,200 °C (2,190 °F)).
New Zealand Steel steel complex, fed by direct reduction rotary furnaces (SL/RN process) [1] (capacity 650,000 t/year). [2] In the iron and steel industry, direct reduction is a set of processes for obtaining iron from iron ore, by reducing iron oxides without melting the metal. The resulting product is pre-reduced iron ore.
The Gary Works remains Gary's largest single employer and a key element of the city's tax base, [6] but employment levels have fallen substantially since the mid-20th century; the plant and allied facilities employed over 30,000 people in the early 1970s, but only 6,000 in 1990, [7] 5,000 in 2015, [8] 2,500 in 2021, [9] and 2,246 in 2023. [10]
In an integrated steel mill, iron ore is reduced to metallic iron. In the US, this is done in blast furnaces and since 2014 again using direct reduced iron furnaces in Nucor's plant in Louisiana as well as another DRI plant (producing a compactified version of DRI called hot briquetted iron, or HBI) in Texas by Voestalpine. Some of the iron ...
In the 1960s, Japanese steelmakers, sharing the observation that furnace plugging was difficult to control, developed their own low-temperature variants of the Krupp-Renn process. [11] Kawasaki Steel commissioned a direct-reduction furnace at its Eastern Japan steel plant (1968) and Western Japan steel plant (1975) plants, the most visible ...
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The plant has an annual capacity of 2.9 million net tons of steel from an 80″ hot strip mill, 64″ and 84″ Pickle lines, 84″ five-stand cold reduction mill, continuous annealing line, batch and open-coil annealing facilities, 84″ temper mill, 52″ hot-dip galvanizing line and a 48″ hot-dip galvanizing line, as well as the #11 Shear ...